Eating Disorders

Survival Notes for Body Image Do’s Do’s Do accept that bodies come in a variety of shapes and sizes Do accept that bodies come in a variety of shapes and sizes Do remember that we can be our own worst critics and that others really find us attractive. Do remember that we can be our own worst critics and that others really find us attractive. Do allow for normal variations in weight and shape Do allow for normal variations in weight and shape Do recognize your strengths in terms of your appearance Do recognize your strengths in terms of your appearance Do remember that attractiveness come from within Do remember that attractiveness come from within

Survival Notes for Body Image Don’ts Don’ts Don’t let your body define who you are Don’t let your body define who you are Don’t let obsession with your body keep you from getting close to others Don’t let obsession with your body keep you from getting close to others Don’t let society determine your vision of attractiveness Don’t let society determine your vision of attractiveness Don’t believe that thinness is the same as happiness Don’t believe that thinness is the same as happiness Don’t be afraid to ask others for help Don’t be afraid to ask others for help Don’t be afraid to actually enjoy your body Don’t be afraid to actually enjoy your body

Unrealistic Expectations More than half of teenaged girls are, or think they should be on diets More than half of teenaged girls are, or think they should be on diets They want to lose all or some of the 40 pounds that females naturally gain between 8 and 14 They want to lose all or some of the 40 pounds that females naturally gain between 8 and 14 Average woman – 5’4”, 145 lbs, dress size 11-14, bust 36-37”, waist 29-31”, and hips 40-42” Average woman – 5’4”, 145 lbs, dress size 11-14, bust 36-37”, waist 29-31”, and hips 40-42” Barbie – 6’0”, 101 lbs, 4 dress size, 39” bust, 19” waist and 33” hips Barbie – 6’0”, 101 lbs, 4 dress size, 39” bust, 19” waist and 33” hips Store mannequin – 6’0” tall, weight not available, 6 dress size, 34” bust, 23” waist and 34” hips Store mannequin – 6’0” tall, weight not available, 6 dress size, 34” bust, 23” waist and 34” hips

Eating Disorder Abnormal eating pattern that endangers physical and mental health Abnormal eating pattern that endangers physical and mental health

Eating Disorder It is estimated that one in ten US high school and college girls has an eating disorder, and 1% suffer from anorexia. It is estimated that one in ten US high school and college girls has an eating disorder, and 1% suffer from anorexia.

Eating Disorders All eating disorders, including those who overeat, involve an extreme preoccupation with food and a fear of getting fat. All eating disorders, including those who overeat, involve an extreme preoccupation with food and a fear of getting fat.

3 Common Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Binge Eating

When Food Becomes an Obsession Differences in the disorders--Anorexics control food, decreasingto as few as 200 cal/day Bulimics consume as much as 50,000 cal/day then purge Both can damage reproductive organs, irregular heartbeats, & kidney failure

When Food Becomes an Obsession The control connection--often a reaction to changing circumstances translating into a need for control The control connection--often a reaction to changing circumstances translating into a need for control The personality factor--(1)Pattern of perfectionism, (2)low self-esteem, and (3) People pleasers The personality factor--(1)Pattern of perfectionism, (2)low self-esteem, and (3) People pleasers

When Food Becomes an Obsession The gender questions--11% of teens affected; females to lose weight; males exercise to gain muscle bulk The gender questions--11% of teens affected; females to lose weight; males exercise to gain muscle bulk The family factor--place importance of family loyalty, lack of conflict, overprotective, overbearing--a passive way to rebel The family factor--place importance of family loyalty, lack of conflict, overprotective, overbearing--a passive way to rebel

Psychological Damage Low self-esteem Low self-esteem Body loathing Body loathing Depression Depression Inner world is isolated Inner world is isolated

Anorexia Nervosa An eating disorder that is both a physical and emotional problem An eating disorder that is both a physical and emotional problem Person severely limits the food they eat, sometimes to only 200 cals per day Person severely limits the food they eat, sometimes to only 200 cals per day Often have distorted body image – they may be very thin but not realize it Often have distorted body image – they may be very thin but not realize it Most often, they are perfectionists Most often, they are perfectionists No known cause but may be tied to anxiety and OCD No known cause but may be tied to anxiety and OCD

Warning Signs and Symptoms Intense fear of gaining weight Intense fear of gaining weight Very serious personality – Controlling their weight gives them a sense of power Very serious personality – Controlling their weight gives them a sense of power Weighing less than 85% of expected weight Weighing less than 85% of expected weight Over exercising Over exercising Feeling cold Feeling cold Slow heartbeat Slow heartbeat Restricting any kind of fat or sugar Restricting any kind of fat or sugar Mainly affects females Mainly affects females

Bulimia Nervosa One of the most common eating disorders One of the most common eating disorders Eat a large amount of food in a short time (binge) then they may feel guilty and ashamed and this causes them to purge (vomit, or laxative use) Eat a large amount of food in a short time (binge) then they may feel guilty and ashamed and this causes them to purge (vomit, or laxative use) Lead secret lives; hide their eating habits Lead secret lives; hide their eating habits

Bulimia Nervosa Symptoms Goes to the bathroom right after meals Goes to the bathroom right after meals Overeats but does not gain weight Overeats but does not gain weight Exercises a lot Exercises a lot Uses laxatives or diuretics often Uses laxatives or diuretics often Often talks about dieting, weight and body shape Often talks about dieting, weight and body shape

Bulimia Nervosa Problems Tooth decay from acid in vomit Tooth decay from acid in vomit Salivary glands may swell because of irritation from vomiting Salivary glands may swell because of irritation from vomiting Stomach ulcers, bleeding and tears in the esophagus Stomach ulcers, bleeding and tears in the esophagus

Binge Eating Disorder Eat large amounts of food within a couple of hours – can consume 50,000 cals per day Eat large amounts of food within a couple of hours – can consume 50,000 cals per day Unlike bulimia, you do not purge Unlike bulimia, you do not purge Depression, anxiety or other emotional problems may accompany Depression, anxiety or other emotional problems may accompany

Binge Eating Disorder Symptoms Eat when you’re not hungry Eat when you’re not hungry Feel you can’t stop eating Feel you can’t stop eating Eat until painfully full Eat until painfully full May feel upset, guilty or depressed after binging May feel upset, guilty or depressed after binging

obesity The prevalence of obesity has risen 54% in the past 20 years, one in four children is obese. The prevalence of obesity has risen 54% in the past 20 years, one in four children is obese.

Some Myths About Obesity The obese eat more than the non- obese The obese are more emotionally disturbed than the non-obese Moderate obesity is associated with increased sickness and death Long term treatment through dieting is successful

Getting Help If you feel you or someone you know has an eating disorder, get help by contacting your school counselor, school nurse, or family physician. If you feel you or someone you know has an eating disorder, get help by contacting your school counselor, school nurse, or family physician.

Getting Help Treatment depends on the individual Treatment depends on the individual Treatment must focus on physical and mental healing Treatment must focus on physical and mental healing May require a team approach May require a team approach Physician, Dietician, Psychologist Physician, Dietician, Psychologist

When Food Becomes an Obsession Warning: Danger ahead--excessive dieting, preoccupation with food, abnormal weight loss, secretive binge eating, distorted body image, fear of loss, compulsive exercise, vomiting & laxative abuse, intolerance to cold, loss of hair,low pulse, swollen glands, eroded tooth enamel, depression, irritability Warning: Danger ahead--excessive dieting, preoccupation with food, abnormal weight loss, secretive binge eating, distorted body image, fear of loss, compulsive exercise, vomiting & laxative abuse, intolerance to cold, loss of hair,low pulse, swollen glands, eroded tooth enamel, depression, irritability

NON-DIET MOVEMENT Learn to eat all over again from an internal sense of what their bodies need and want. Learn to eat all over again from an internal sense of what their bodies need and want. It focuses on feeling good about self, eating in a relaxed, nurturing way and moving your body for fun. It focuses on feeling good about self, eating in a relaxed, nurturing way and moving your body for fun.

Dieting Quiz ___ 1. The body’s need for food is far greater than its need for water. ___ 2. Use the U.S. RDA to find the exact percentages of key nutrients you need. ___ 3. Health experts recommend that you not lose more than 1 ½ pounds to 2 pounds per week when on a diet.

Dieting Quiz ___ 4. People who are extremely underweight can have as many problems as people who are overweight. ___ 5. If you eat more calories than you burn, you will lose weight. ___ 6. There are 1000 calories in one pound of fat.

Dieting Quiz ___ 7. Even a small amount of exercise can help speed up your metabolic rate. ___ 8. When you diet, the first weight to be lost will be fat. ___ 9. The pinch test and skin caliper test are used to measure the amount of muscle under the skin. ___ 10. Diuretics are medications that cause the body to lose water weight.

Getting Beyond the disorder American Anorexia/Bulimia Association 418 East 76 th Street New York, NY Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders PO Box 5102 Eugene, OR National Anorexic Aid Society 1925 Dublin-Granville Road Columbus, OH National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders PO Box 7 Highland Park, IL (Hotline; )