Vocabulary

 A substance that provides a form of energy, such as heat, light, electricity, or motion, as the result of a chemical change.

 A substance that provides a form of_______, such as heat, light, electricity, or motion, as the result of a ______________change.

 The fuel formed from the remains of living organisms that have been changed by heat and pressure under the earth.  Gas, oil and coal

 The _______formed from the remains of living ________that have been changed by _____and ________under the earth.  PRO-VERY energy rich  CON-high air pollution and land pollution

 Specific fossil fuels that contain mainly hydrogen and carbon atoms.  VERY energy-rich

 Specific ______ _____that contain mainly ______and _______atoms.

 Deposits of fuel that has been discovered, AND can be obtained using current technology.  This means of course, there are others that have been discovered, but there is no way to get to them using current technology.

 Deposits of _____that has been discovered, AND can be obtained using current_______________.

 A fossil fuel (hydrocarbon) in the form of a thick, black liquid.  Also known as oil.  It is called “crude oil” when it is first pumped out of the ground.

 A _____ _____(hydrocarbon) in the form of a thick, black________.  Also known as _____.

 A technology building with the purpose of taking the crude oil and separating it into the different kinds of fuel and other products used by consumers.

 One product made from crude oil at the refinery but NOT made into fuel.  Petrochemicals are found in plastics (remember the word RESIN), paints, medicines and cosmetics

 A technology that converts sunlight to thermal energy (aka heat) without needing extra pumps or machinery.  Similar to how the inside of a car gets hotter when sitting in the sun versus sitting in the shade.

 A ________that converts sunlight to _______energy (aka heat) without needing extra pumps or machinery.

 A technology that converts sunlight to thermal energy (heat) using extra machinery, like pumps and fans.  PRO: no air pollution  CON: technology is still expensive

 Actually a form of passive solar energy, fastest growing technology for green energy  The sun heats up the air unevenly (thanks for hanging in space unevenly Earth!), causing it to move about the planet as thermal energy moves the air molecules.

 Actually a form of ______solar energy, fastest growing technology for green energy  The ____heats up the air unevenly causing it to move about the planet as ______energy moves the air molecules.  PRO-free, no pollution  CON-not available everywhere

 Electricity produced by flowing water.  Most widely used renewable energy source used around the world.  PRO: no air pollution, cheap electricity  CON: dams create environmental problems

 _______produced by flowing______.  Most widely used _________energy source used around the world.

 Burning of currently living materials.  Converting current biomass to other types of fuels, like converting corn to ethanol.  PRO-plenty of fuel available, new sources discovered frequently, renewable resource  CON-air pollution, land resources used up, expensive

 ___________of currently ________materials.

 Splitting an atom’s nucleus into two smaller pieces.  Convert matter into energy: take a large atom and split it into two smaller atoms, and release a lot of energy in the process.  PRO-releases a lot of energy  CON-waste products take millennia to break down, land and water pollution

 The opposite of nuclear fission  Joining of two small atoms to produce a single larger atom  PRO-releases a lot of energy, source is abundant  CON-technology can not control the reaction yet

 Intense heat from deep inside the earth heat up shallow pockets of magma, which then heats up water for steam.  PRO-unlimited, no pollution  CON-expensive to get to magma that is in deeper areas

 Intense ______from deep inside the earth heat up shallow pockets of_____, which then heats up water for______.