CNG Competitor Analysis April 2013 Heat Stress: California

Hot Work Environments +Outdoor work in hot weather +Foundry work or smelting +Brick-firing, ceramics, or glass manufacture +Rubber manufacture +Work in bakeries, confectioneries, kitchens +Laundry operations 1a

Personal Risk Factors +Age, weight, physical fitness +Metabolism, medications, alcohol or drugs +Water and caffeine consumption +Acclimatization 2a

Environmental Risk Factors +Air temperature +Humidity +Radiant heat +Conductive heat sources +Protective clothing +PPE 2b

Fatigue +Blood circulates to upper layers of skin +Less blood for internal organs +Performance declines +Coordination and alertness decline 3a Response to Fatigue +Rest in cool, shaded area for 5 minutes +Take heat-relief breaks +Gradually adjust to working in heat

Heat Rash +Results from the body’s natural cooling +Body releases heat through sweat +Sweat ducts become plugged +Skin inflammation develops +Prickly rash is uncomfortable +Rash can become infected 4a Response to Heat Rash +Rest in a cool area +Wash the skin +Allow skin to dry +Seek medical attention, if infected +Regularly bathe and dry skin

Fainting +Blood accumulates in lower part of body +Brain does not get adequate blood supply +Sudden loss of consciousness 5a Response to Fainting +Rest in cool, shaded area for 5 minutes +Gradually adjust to working in heat +Move around to circulate blood

Muscle Cramps + Occurs in tired muscles when the worker sweats profusely and drinks large quantities of water +Painful contractions in the muscle +Uncomfortable and temporarily disabling +Low salt level can cause spasms +Too much salt can cause cramps 6a

Response to Muscle Cramps +Rest in cool, shaded area for 5 minutes +Drink small quantities of water frequently +Drink up to 4 cups per hour +Avoid caffeinated beverages or alcohol +Drink salted or carbohydrate replacement liquids for recovery +Gradually adjust to working in heat 6c

Heat Exhaustion +Large amounts of fluid lost by sweating +Symptoms resemble early heat stroke Physically weak, fatigued, or faint Giddy, irritable, or mentally confused Nauseous Headache, dizziness, and/or lightheadedness +Person continues to sweat +Skin is clammy and moist +Body temperature remains normal +Person may vomit or lose consciousness 7a

Response to Heat Exhaustion +Rest in shade for 5 minutes minimum +Drink plenty of fluids +Seek medical attention, if severe 7c

Heat Stroke +Life-threatening condition +Body’s temperature regulatory system fails +Sweating becomes inadequate +Person’s skin is hot and dry +Skin appears red in color +Body temperature is 103 o F or higher +Person is mentally confused or delirious +Person can have convulsions or become unconscious 8a

Response to Heat Stroke +Get immediate medical attention +Remove to cool, shaded area +Soak clothing with cool water +Fan body vigorously +Never leave unattended 8c

What Can You Do? + Report symptoms or signs immediately + Respond to heat illness + Continuously monitor the weather to stay informed and take the appropriate actions. 8d

Measuring Heat Exposures +Heat index system +Health and safety agency testing 9a

Measuring Heat Exposures + Work classifications: Light hand work Heavy hand work –Hand work would be just that – only using your hands. Typically something along the lines of assembly work, line work, etc. Heavy work with one arm Light work with two arms –Working with the arms would be things like Pushing, Pulling, Lifting with your arms, etc. Moderate work with the body Heavy work with the body –This work would be all of the above plus Bending, Twisting, Turing, Carrying, Lifting with your legs, Working with Protective Suits, etc.  The greater the exertion and strain on your body combined with the higher temps, the quicker the effects of heat has on your body. 9b

Controlling Heat Exposure + Engineering controls Shade Ventilation Air cooling Air circulation Shielding from radiant heat sources Insulating radiant heat sources Use of power assists and tools 10a

Controlling Heat Exposure + Personal protective equipment Ice vests Water-cooled garments Air supply systems Wet clothing, headbands, or bandanas 10b

Controlling Heat Exposure + Work practices Use intermittent rest periods Ensure access to water Drink small quantities of water frequently Use relief workers Use the buddy system Pace the work Reduce physical demands Provide cool recovery or shaded rest areas Schedule work for cooler times of the day Wear light, loose-fitting, breathable clothing 10c