Legacy of the War of After “Surviving” 2 wars w/Britain US earned international respect. a.k.a. “2 nd War for Independence” 2.Treaty of Ghent restored the status quo antebellumGhent 3.Canada became permanent neighbor to north as result of the Rush- Bagot TreatyRush- Bagot Treaty 4.Removed British presence in West clearing way for westward expansion 5.Federalist Party died / only Republicans left (Hartford Convention)Federalist 6.War heroes Jackson and Harrison became next generation of leaders. 7.Battle of New Orleans caused national pride to soar – “Nationalism”Battle of New Orleans 8.Process of economic, cultural, and political “Americanization” began. 9.Started the “Era of Good Feelings” (1815 – 1824) 10.Disruption of trade w/Britain forced economic independence – manufacturing of own goods 11.Industrialization begins in the Northeast and spreads westward

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Death of the Federalist Party – Political Nationalism back

The period of very high nationalism after the War of 1812 (1815 – 1824) was called the “Era of Good Feelings” During the “Era of Good Feelings the Republican Party controlled the government with very little opposition. The very popular president during the “Era of Good Feelings was James Monroe, who ran un- opposed for re-election in President Monroe did not run for reelection in 1824, despite his popularity, because he was following George Washington’s 2- term tradition. “THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS”

Henry Clay’s American System Plan to unite 3 different regions and create a strong, stable, and self-sufficient economy. – Raised protective tariffs (Tariff of 1816) – Established 2 nd Bank of US (BUS); nat’l currency – Fund “internal improvements” – roads, canals, bridgesinternal improvements Americans united behind plan that promoted economic independence from Britain and Europe

Judicial Nationalism Supreme Court Chief Justice, John Marshall used the power of the courts to increase the power of the federal government over the “National Economy” in the following cases: Supreme Court CaseCourt Ruling and significance to growth of Nationalism Fletcher v. Peck (1810)Denied state governments’ power to alter or vacate existing contracts. Exerted federal rules over businesses and state governments. Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)Same as Fletcher v. Peck McCulloch v Maryland (1819)Maryland couldn’t impose tax on BUS. Exerted “Supremacy” of federal govt. over state govt. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)New York cannot regulate trade in another state. Only federal govt. can regulate interstate commerce.

Foreign Policy and Westward Expansion Enhance Nationalism Rising Nationalism promoted confidence and assertiveness in U.S. relations with foreign countries. The presence of European countries like Spain, Great Britain, and Russia in the West and South America, prompted President James Monroe to make a speech known as the Monroe Doctrine. Monroe warned European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere and pledged that the U.S would stay out of European Affairs. Americans flooded westward in pursuit of economic opportunity which brought them into conflict with Native Americans over the issue of land rights. But it also brought them into conflict with other Americans over the issue of the spread of slavery westward.

1. What state became a slave state in 1821? 2. What state became a free state in 1821? 3. What territory was closed to slavery? 4.After the Compromise how many slave states were there? Free? 5. What was the controversial issue in the Compromise of 1820? The Missouri Compromise of 1820 As populations grew in the west, territories like Missouri wanted to enter the Union as a slave state. Some Northern Congressmen feared that the admission of Missouri would disrupt the balance of power in Congress.

The Missouri Compromise As populations grew in the west, territories like Missouri wanted to enter the Union as a slave state. Some Northern Congressmen feared that the admission of Missouri would disrupt the balance of power in Congress. To settle the dispute, Senator Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise allowing Missouri to enter as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state. The Compromise also drew a line at 36* 30’ latitude (southern border of Missouri) that split the Louisiana Territory between slave territory (South) and free territory (North). This Compromise of 1820 maintained the BALANCE OF POWER and promoted political unity and NATIONALISM.