Warm Up 10/28/14 1.What was the directory? 2.Who took over the directory?

Warm Up 10/29/14 1.Describe scorched-earth policy. 2.Where did Napoleon face his final defeat?

Warm Up 10/28/14 1.Define nationalism, who spread nationalism across Europe? 2.List an enlightenment idea preserved by the Napoleonic Code.

Pair Share Discuss why or why not you would have wanted Napoleon as a leader, take into consideration that democracy was ended, but stability and order were established.

Napoleon and the end of the Revolution

Standard Discuss how Nationalism spread across Europe with Napoleon but was repressed for a generation under the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe until the Revolutions of 1848

Objective Students will note how Napoleon spread Nationalism throughout Europe, which was later repressed by the Congress of Vienna.

Vocabulary Nationalism: A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country Napoleonic Code: body of French civil laws Scorched-earth policy: military strategy of destroying everything in your path to prevent enemies from gaining it.

Napoleon Asked to join the directory but overtook it and created the Consulate. Took the title of first consul Later became consul for life

Emperor Napoleon In 1804 declared himself emperor of France Napoleon held elections called plebiscites and always won Elected, but ruled with absolute power

Nationalism under Napoleon In Feudalism people were loyal to local authorities Under Napoleon people became loyal to France. (nationalism) Nationalism pride in ones country

Restored the economy Controlled prices Encouraged new industry Built roads and canals Created a system of public schools

Napoleonic Code Body of laws like Justinian’s Code Preserved enlightenment ideas such as -equality of all citizens before law - religious toleration -and the abolishment of feudalism Women lost their rights

Napoleonic Empire By 1812 his empire include Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany. He controlled many European countries by getting rid of their leaders and placing his friends in power. Could not conquer Britain because of the strength of their navy

Battle of Trafalgar

Invasion of Russia Grand Army 600,000 soldiers from 20 nations Russians retreated East burning crops and villages as they moved (Scorched-earth policy) Reached Moscow by October but decided to to retreat 1000 miles due to low supplies and the oncoming winter

General Winter The Russian winter, and attacks from the Russian army crush the Grand Army. Only 20,000 survive of 600,000 Starvation and cold were the biggest killers.

Napoleon Defeated Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia allied to fight France Napoleon was defeated and forced to abdicate (step down from power) Exiled to Elba Louis XVIII becomes king of France

Napoleon Returns Napoleon escaped Elba and returned to France King Louis XVIII fled as Napoleon returned and regained power.

Waterloo Napoleon held power for 100 days before returning to war with the allies who had once defeated him. In a one day battle, near the city of Waterloo, Napoleon was defeated again. Exiled to St Helena where he would die.

St. Helena

Congress of Vienna Countries of Europe got together to bring back stability and order to Europe following the Napoleonic empire. Create a lasting peace by establishing a balance of power and protecting the system of monarchy. Redrew map of Europe to surround France with strong nations Restored monarchies throughout Europe

Congress of Vienna

Europe after Congress of Vienna

Concert of Europe Periodic meetings to discuss problems affecting the peace of Europe.

End result of the French Revolution King Louis XVI’s brother Louis XVIII takes the throne