Today We Will Review: Operating Systems (Windows) (week 3 & 4) Starting up MS Windows Desktop and its contents Functions of the desktop components Brain at work A Window Explanation of the properties of a Window Folders

Today We Will Discuss: Creating Folders Copying and moving of Folders Restoring Folders and their contents Copying and moving Files Deleting Files and Folders Finding Files and Folders Opening Files and Folders Renaming Files and Folders

Introduction to Windows Microsoft Windows is the operating system found on most personal computers. As an operating system Windows manages all that the computer does.

Desktop Through Window's main screen called the "Desktop”, you can get to everything your computer can do.

Icons On the desktop screen you will see several small pictures. These pictures are called "Icons." Double clicking the left mouse button on an Icon will start the programs it represents.

The "Start” Button The "Start" button is probably the most used part of the Windows Desktop. The start button is where you access all the programs on the computer. When you click on the "Start" button you will be shown a menu of the major computer headings. These headings provide access to the major programs on your computer.

Menus Menus When you click on the "Start" button a menu with options will appear. Moving the mouse over the items in the menu causes them to highlight. Clicking on a highlighted item will open that program. To close the "Start" menu click on the screen anywhere other than the menu.

Finding a Program Moving the mouse over a menu item marked with an arrow as shown below will open another list with more options. To see all the programs available for you to use on your computer click on the Start button and in the menu that appears, highlight the item named “Programs.” A new list will appear that holds more selections.

Taskbar Windows has the ability to run several programs at once and to easily switch back and forth between running programs. All programs currently running are shown on the windows "taskbar”. The taskbar is a gray bar with pictures on it that runs across the very bottom of the screen.

Taskbar The taskbar can be recognized by the "Start" button located on its left hand side and the clock on its right. To switch between programs that are running at the same time, click on the program buttons shown on the taskbar. This is demonstrated below.

Adjusting a Window's Size Most Windows programs share the same look and feel which makes switching between and learning new programs easier. Common to all Windows programs is the ability to adjust the shape and size of the window you are working in. Some of the ways you can change a window includes: ◦ moving ◦ closing ◦ maximizing ◦ minimizing and ◦ restoring it.

Click on the button marked with an “x.” Clicking on this button closes the program you are using. Close

This button will restore a program's window to its original size. The original size of a window is a little bit smaller then full screen Restore

This button opens a program's window so that it fills the screen as much as it can Maximize

This button puts a program on hold and places it on the taskbar at the bottom of your screen. To re-open a program that is on the taskbar click on the box which represents the program you want to open. Minimize

When the mouse (cursor) is positioned over this part of the program window, a set of arrows appears. When these arrows appear click and hold the mouse button down. You will now be able to stretch the program window in any direction Resizing

Using My computer The "My Computer" program is a tool that lets you see everything that is stored on your computer. It is useful for finding, organizing and storing files on your computer Files represent stored information that you have named. Think of "My Computer" as a filing cabinet for your computer.

You can open the "My Computer" program by clicking on the "Computer" icon on the start menu as shown below.

My Computer Window

The icons in the “My Computer” window represent all the drives, folder and files on your computer. The following describes the icons that you will use the most as a new computer user.

Drives are like filing cabinets for computer files. To see what is stored on a drive double click on its icon and a list of files and folders will appear. These files and folders will be arranged alphabetically. To open any of these files double click on them.

The C: drive icon on most home computers represents the hard drive. This is the drive where all the programs that your computer runs are stored. You can also store files that you have created on this drive. If you do not think that the C: drive is your hard drive, look for a drive that has the same picture for an icon.

The DVD Drive: drive icon represents the DVD drive. Double clicking on this icon will show you all the files stored on a DVD/CD Drive.

Folders help you organize your files by dividing up a drive into alphabetically organized sections. Double clicking on a folder will open it. Each folder can also hold other folders and files.

Files are information stored by a program. For example a file created in “Microsoft Word" will be saved with the ending ".doc”. Double clicking on a file will open it.

A Window Defn: A window is an area containing certain tasks that you are executing. How to open a Window – Double click on an Icon, like “My Computer” on the desktop, or invoke a program from the “start” button under “All programs” The four sided figure you get is a Window. A Window has Properties.

Example of a Window Title Bar Menu Bar Tool Bar Close button Maximize/Res tore button Minimize button Vertical Scroll Button Window Contents Address Bar Edge of a Window

Explanation of the Properties of a Window, Cont’d Title Bar: This is the uppermost part of a window. It has many uses: ◦ Maximize or Restore a window (double click). ◦ Move a window from location to location (while the window is not maximized, position the cursor on top of the status bar, press the left mouse button down and drag to a required position and release). Menu Bar: This provides us with the available menu that we can use to run certain programs i.e. “File Menu”. Tool Bar: Shows the shortcuts of the Menu Bar.

Properties of a Window Title Bar Menu Bar Tool Bar Close button Maximize/Res tore button Minimize button Vertical Scroll Button Window Contents Address Bar Edge of a Window

Explanation of the Properties of a Window, Cont’d Address Bar: This shows the address/path of the file that is currently open. Edge of a Window: This is used to resize a window, either vertically or horizontally. Close Button: Used to close a window.

Properties of a Window Title Bar Menu Bar Tool Bar Close button Maximize/Res tore button Minimize button Vertical Scroll Button Window Contents Address Bar Edge of a Window

Explanation of the Properties of a Window, Cont’d Maximize/Restore Button: This is used to maximize or Restore the size of a window i.e. double click. Minimize Button: This is used to minimize a window on to the task bar. Vertical Scroll Bar: Used to see the extra contents that have surpassed the current size of a window vertically up or down-wards Window Contents: This shows the contents of a window.

Properties of a Window Title Bar Menu Bar Tool Bar Close button Maximize/Res tore button Minimize button Vertical Scroll Button Window Contents Address Bar Edge of a Window

Folders A FOLDER: This is a container that holds, files or other sub-folders i.e. a folder within a folder.  A folder can be empty or can contain endless subfolders depending on the size of the storage device it is created on. Folders help in organizing our data in a computer into groups that are easy to access or locate.

Creating Folders On the Desktop: Right click the desktop, choose New, then Folder, type in the name of the Folder and press Enter. On the Hard Disk (C:\): Use “My Computer” Icon, or “Windows explorer”, to locate C:\. Make sure C:\ is showing its contents, click on it, then choose the “File” menu, and then “New”. Type in the name of the Folder and press the Enter key.

Copying Folders ADJACENT ONES: Click on the first Folder, press a shift-key down, while the shift-key is down click on the last folder, i.e. they are selected/highlighted, go to the Edit menu, click Copy, go to the destination, while at the destination, go to the Edit menu, click Paste. ON the Hard Disk (C:\): Use “My Computer” Icon, or “Windows Explorer” to locate C:\. Make sure C:\ is showing its contents, click on it, then choose the “File” menu, and then “New”. Type in the name of the Folder and press the Enter key.

Copying Folders, Cont’d NON ADJACENT ONES: Click on the first Folder, press a Ctrl-key down. While the Ctrl-key is down click on every other folder, i.e. they are selected/highlighted. Go to the Edit menu, click Copy. Go to the destination. While at the destination, go to the Edit menu, click Paste.

Copying Files Use the same procedure as in copying folders.

Deleting Folders & Files Select the folders and files you want to delete and click the delete option from the Edit Menu or just click the delete key on your keyboard and confirm.

Finding Files and Folders A file is a collection of related data or information under a particular name. File names consist of 3 parts: ◦ File Name ◦ Period “.” ◦ Extension (one to three characters)

Finding Files and Folders, Cont’d Assignment1.doc File Name Period Extension

Finding Files and Folders, Cont’d A file name extension (i.e. the period and the extension) is optional. Folders usually do not have extension but files usually do. It is recommended to add the extension because it helps the Program that created it to recognize it and allow it to be opened.

Finding Files and Folders Cont’d When you’re looking for a particular folder or file, you can use the Find command instead of opening numerous folders. The Find command lets you quickly search a specific drive or your entire computer.

Finding Files and Folders, Cont’d To find a file or folder: Click the start button, point to search/find, and then click all files and folders. (the Find dialog box appears). In “all or part of the file name”, type the file or folder name you want to find. Click the look in down arrow, or click browse to specify where to search. Click “search” or “find now”.

Opening Files and Folders After you have located the file you want, you can double-click to open it. On the desktop, double-click My Computer. (the my computer window opens) Double-click the drive that contains the file or folder you want to open. Double-click the file or folder.

Renaming Files and Folders If you decide to change the name of a file or folder, you can quickly rename it. To rename a file or folder: ◦ In a window, select the file or folder you want to rename. ◦ On the file menu click rename. ◦ Type the name, and the press ENTER.

Working with Frequently used Files You can quickly open documents and files that you use often. The start menu under “My Recent Documents” lists the documents used most recently, so that you can quickly reopen them. The “My Documents” folder on your desktop is a convenient place for you to store frequently used files and folders.

Questions?