Greco-Roman Culture Why was Rome such an AWESOME civilization?

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Presentation transcript:

Greco-Roman Culture Why was Rome such an AWESOME civilization?

What is Greco-Roman culture? O Blend of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman cultures O Romans conquered Greece around 2 nd century B.C. O Adopted and adapted lots of Greek/Hellenistic culture

Art O Sculpture O Greek = idealization and beauty O Romans = realist O Art was practical and intended for public education O Bas-relief O Images project from a flat background O Told stories, represented people, etc… O Mosaics: tiled art O Frescoes: wall paintings/murals

Learning & Literature O Borrowed Greek philosophy: Stoicism O Influenced by Greek literature: Epics O Virgil’s Aeneid modeled after Homer’s epics O History (woot woot!!!) O Livy – national myth O Tacitus – presented facts; wrote about the good and bad of Rome

Language O Romance languages!!! Latin French Spanish Italian Portuguese Romanian

Architecture O Arch + Dome + Concrete = Colosseum (colossus) O Aqueducts: brought water to town O Architectural Influences: capitol building O Roads – stone, concrete, and sand

Laws O Most lasting and widespread contribution O Laws should apply to all people O Standards of justice influenced by Stoic philosophers O Based on common sense and practicality O Principles: O Right to equal treatment under law O Innocent until proven guilty O Burden of proof rested with accuser rather than accused O Punishment for actions, not thoughts O Unreasonable laws/unfair laws could be set aside O Basis of many legal systems today, including the U.S.

Historian R.H Barrow stated that Rome never fell because it turned into something even greater—an idea—and achieved immortality…

The “Fall” of Rome

What goes up…

Must come down…

WHAT HAPPENED, ROME?!  By 3 rd century AD, Rome faced many political, economic, military, and social problems

ECONOMIC PROBLEMS  Disruption of trade due to hostile tribes  Lack of gold and silver resources  Raised taxes  Minting coins with less silver  INFLATION  A drop in value of money + rise in prices  Decline in agriculture  food shortage

MILITARY & POLITICAL PROBLEMS Soldiers became less loyal to Rome and more to commanders Government hired mercenaries who were not loyal to Rome Citizens became less loyal MAJOR PROBLEM #1: Emperor Diocletian: divided the empire into two parts Greek speaking East (he ruled; wealthy) Latin speaking West (he appointed a ruler) Civil war broke out after his death

MILITARY & POLITICAL PROBLEMS MAJOR PROBLEM #2: Emperor Constantine Controlled the West Gained control of the East Moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium (important for trade purposes) City became known as Constantinople

  Germanic Peoples…a.k.a. “barbarians”  Lived on the outskirts of the empire  A.D. 370, Huns began terrorizing the Germanic peoples…  Germanic peoples pushed into Roman lands – particularly the West  Western military couldn’t stop them  Huns became a direct threat…terrorizing BOTH empires  Last Western Roman emperor ousted by Germanic forces in A.D. 476…and the empire disappeared…  East will continue to flourish…as the Byzantine Empire… The FINAL BLOW…

ROMAN STAUTUES

ROMAN STATUES

GEORGE WASHINGGTON STATUE

GEORGE WASHINGTON, OUTSIDE WALL STREET, NEW YORK CITY

MONUMENT FOR GEORGE WASHINGTON

ROMAN, BASS RELIEF SCULPTURE

MASSACHUSETTS 54 TH REGIMENT HONORING THEM N THE U.S. CIVIL WAR