Compensation schemes for emergency culling / slaughter in Belgium Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain Pierre Naassens Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain Chief Veterinary Officer, Belgium

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Federal Public Service for Public Health, Safety of the Food Chain and Environment Policy making competences: - Product standards (pesticides, feed, food) - Standards for animal health - Standards for plant health - Standards and control in the field of animal welfare - Animal health fund Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain Inspection and control services in agri/food chain: - Food/Feed Safety - Animal health and welfare / Plant health Competences : - Operational standards - Registration, authorization, approval of operators - Certification - Prevention, sensitization and information - Laboratories - Monitoring the food chain (products and production processes)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire CEO Corporate Services Control Policy Control Laboratories - Internal audit - Advisory Commitee (stakeholders) - External communication Crisis management Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain  HR  Budget  Logistics  ICT  Legal service  Translation  Animal production (→ CVO )  Plants  Foodstuffs  Scientific Commitee  Data management  International Affairs  Primary production  Processing  Distribution  Approvals  Import – Export, Notification  National Inquiry Unit  11 PCU (Provincial Control Unit)  Central administration  5 own laboratories  External laboratories

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire ● PCU ● Central Services PCU = Provincial Control Unit Belgian Veterinary Services (FASFC) ● PCU

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Crisis management Crisis Manager Minister Chief Executive Officer Strategic Committee Central Crisis Unit Control measures Culling/rendering coordination Laws, decrees, procedures, protocols Epidemiological inquiry Communication (EC, local autorities,…) Operational/support Unit Local Crisis Unit (PCU) Culling/rendering unit Cleaning/disinfection operations Valuation (external designated experts) Compensation procedures - Crisis manager - DG Control Policy - DG Control - Crisis coordinator -Legal services - Experts - Spokesman

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Latest large-scale animal health crises  Classical swine fever in 1997  High Pathogenic Avian Influenza outbreak (HPAI) in Belgium in 2003 (H7N7)  Bluetongue in 2006, 2007 and 2008

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire In Belgium, legal compensation for mandatory slaughtering or rendering for the control of certain regulated notifiable diseases Cattle  Brucellosis  Leucosis  Tuberculosis  Food-and-mouth disease  BSE  Rabies Poultry  High pathogenic avian influenza  Newcastle disease  Zoonotic Salmonella (breeders) Porcine  Aujeszky disease  African swine fever  Classical swine fever  Food-and-mouth disease  Rabies  HPAI Honey bees  American foulbrood  European foulbrood  Acarapisosis

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Other compensations concerning control of outbreaks  Loss of value of animal products (total or partial) (eggs and feed for influenza, hatching eggs for salmonella)  Expenses for disinfection: under control of CODA-CERVA (Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Center)  Expenses for valuation  Veterinary costs (blood test, vaccination, clinical exams,...)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Financial sources Crisis financial reserve of the Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain: 10 millions € (operational expenses, first control measures, disinfection,…). Animal health fund: mandatory annual contribution of each owner of bovine/porcine/poultry/small ruminant holding (function of capacity and sanitary risk of the holding): ± 50 million € (compensation for slaughtering, disease control programmes, veterinary costs for monitoring,…). Fund managed by FPS (& FASFC for collection of contributions and payment of compensations) EU co-financing claimed following procedures laid down in Council Decision 2009/470/EC and Commissions Regulation (EC) 349/2005 ("...compensating owners for the slaughter, destruction of animals and, where appropriate, their products, for the cleaning, disinsectization and disinfection of holdings and equipment and for the destruction of the contaminated feedingstuffs and contaminated equipment…"). In certain cases repercussion of costs on the responsible for the crisis (e.g. contaminants in food/feed)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Belgian legislation  Animal health law of 24 rd of March 1987 *In particular article 8, 3°: The King can order slaughter or rendering of animals or animal products in the framework of control of animal diseases.  ± 50 Royal and Ministerial decrees regarding control measures of regulated diseases  Law of 23 rd of March 1998 regarding the establishment of the Budgetary Fund for the health and quality of animals and animal products (animal health fund) *In particular article 4, 1°: expenses of the authority done in the framework of the animal health law of 24 March 1987 (officially controlled diseases).

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Practical approach during disease outbreak Outbreak (Confirmation of a notifiable disease) Holding visit by official veterinarian - Official declaration of outbreak - Notification to owner and local autority - First control measures Draw up of a decontamination program If needed, notification of "killing order" to owner, local autority, and farm veterinarian Sworn expert contacted by official veterinarian for valuation of animals to be culled or slaughtered Valuation of animals by expert and official veterinarian within 48h Slaughter/ destruction (If no contestation 24h after valuation) + disinfection under control of CODA/CERVA NB: In certain cases, private subcontractors for culling (e.g. avian influenza)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire No or reduced compensation if owner doesn't respect instructions of official veterinarian concerning control measures if owner has commited a legal infraction (e.g. herd not registered) Practical approach during disease outbreak

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Compensation rules: Cattle Culling for tuberculosis, brucellosis and leucosis: Compensation = (R X rV) – bV R = Reduction coefficient (0,85) rV = replacement value bV = slaughter value Price ceiling of max € / animal Culling for BSE and FMD: Compensation = replacement Value (valuation by expert) Price ceiling of max € / animal In cases of urgency, the official veterinarian can himself make the valuation Valuation by expert

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Compensation rules: Porcine Culling for FMD, ASF, CSF and Aujeszky disease: Compensation = replacement Value – butchery Value (if slaughtering)  Valuation on groups of animals with the same conformation / characteristics  Weekly reference table for fattening pigs, approved by the Council of the animal health fund: - mean market price in the last 4 weeks - weight category - conformation  Task of valuation-expert: verification of the number of animals and valuation of conformation and weight  Piglets, sow, boar: fixed compensation (weekly reference tabel)  50% compensation if affected or suspected to be affected (= ill)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire A: cotation of piglet market, medium conformation /20 B: cotation of piglet market, good conformation /20 C: cotation of piglet market, very good conformation /20 D: cotation of piglet market, extra conformation /20 E: mean market cotation for pig category "demi-gras" F: mean market cotation for fattening pig category G: minimal market cotation for "extra" fattening pig category H: maximal market cotation for "extra" fattening pig category extra: P ("Piétrain" breed) very good: P x BS (belgian landrace) good: BL - P x H (hybrid or similar) medium: other breeds and cross-breedings

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire A: cotation of B market – 4€ B : mean piglet price of category kg C: minimal piglet price of category kg "extra" D : maximal piglet price of category kg "extra" Stocker sows: see table for fattening pigs € (max 300 €) Productive sow and boar: function of market cotation, with price ceiling

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Compensation rules: Poultry Culling for high pathogenic avian influenza, Newcastle disease and zoonotic salmonella: Compensation = R x (rV – S) R = Reduction coefficient (fixed by Ministerial Decree, as for price ceiling) → 0,9 for avian influenza; 0,7 for NCD and Salmonella rV = replacement value: based on value tables S = Value of the slaughtered poultry (if slaughtering)

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Example poultry breeders value grid

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Compensation rules: Honey bees Destruction of beehive for american foulbrood european foulbrood acarapisosis (if treatment is no longer possible) Compensation = 125 € / beehive

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire culling / slaughter Crisis unit: constitution of a compensation dossier, namely - Valuation reports signed by expert and owner with animal listing - Claim signed by owner - Documentary evidences (breeding value,…) and written declarations, documents slaughterhouse or invoice, laboratory results,... - Culling / Slaughter order - Local validation of the dossier by the local official veterinarian Compensation: procedure

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire  Sending of dossier to the Federal Public Service for validation and calculation of compensation  Information to owner of compensation details by FPS; If the owner disagrees, he can send a notice of objection mentioning the reason(s).The animal health fund will then re-examine the file in the light of these remarks  Federal Public Service transmits these files to Federal Agency (FAFSC)  Federal Agency proceeds to payment from the animal health fund in a 14-days delay Compensation: procedure

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Decision 2009/470/EC: compensation for emergency measures Rinderpest cattle plague, Sheep and goat plague, Swine vesicular disease, Bluetongue, Teschen disease, Sheep pox or goat pox, Rift Valley fever, Lumpy skin disease, African horse sickness, Vesicular stomatitis, Venezuelan equine viral encephalomyelitis, Haemorrhagic disease of deer, Classical swine fever, African swine fever, Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis in fish (EHN), Epizootic ulcerative syndrome in fish (EUS), Infection with Bonamia exitiosa, Infection with Perkinsus marinus, Infection with Microcytos mackini, Taura syndrome in crustaceans, Yellowhead disease in crustaceans. Highly pathogenic avian influenza Newcastle disease. Foot-and-mouth disease Other notifiable exotic disease Decision 2009/470/EC: compensation for measures of eradication programs Bovine tuberculosis, Bovine brucellosis, Ovine and caprine brucellosis (B. melitensis), Bluetongue in endemic or high risk areas, African swine fever, Swine vesicular disease, Classical swine fever, Anthrax, Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Avian influenza, Rabies, Echinococcosis, Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), Campylobacteriosis, Listeriosis, Salmonellosis (zoonotic salmonella), Trichinellosis, Verotoxigenic E. coli, Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS), Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN), Koi herpes virus disease (KHV), Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA), Infection with Marteilia refringens, Infection with Bonamia ostreae, White spot disease in crustaceans. EU co-finance: list of eligible diseases

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire EU co-financing request in case of sudden outbreak  Maximum 30 days after official confirmation of the first outbreak, information to EC of number of animals concerned and market prices  From 2 months after confirmation of the first outbreak, and later, every 2 months, FASFC introduces a compensation dossier to EC with operational cost report  90 days after slaughter/culling of animals, report to owners  6 months after the last outbreak, submission of a complete financial dossier to EC  EC compensation mostly after a financial audit

Agence fédérale pour la Sécurité de la Chaîne alimentaire Tuberculosis € € € Zoonotic salmonellosis € € € Bovine spongiform encephalopathy € € € Brucellosis4.472 €9.822 € € Aujeszky disease4.029 €5.577 €2.669 € Belgian compensation for mandatory slaughter: expenses for 2008, 2009 and 2010

Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain For more information