K 6.5 Nerves, Hormones & Homeostasis. Central Nervous System (CNS) – brain & spinal cord Coordinate incoming/outgoing information Peripheral Nervous system.

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Presentation transcript:

k 6.5 Nerves, Hormones & Homeostasis

Central Nervous System (CNS) – brain & spinal cord Coordinate incoming/outgoing information Peripheral Nervous system – nerves that carry information between organs/other parts of the body and the CNS

Sensory – somatic nerves that relay information about the environment to the CNS Motor – somatic nerves that initiate an appropriate response to this stimulation

Reflex Arc

Autonomic nerves – control the internal organs of the body Sympathetic – prepares the body for stress i.e. Increases heart-rate, slows digestion Parasympathetic – restores balance after stress i.e. decreases heart rate

Dynamic equilibrium (homeostasis) – conditions remain stable within fluctuating limits

Negative Feedback Loops

Endocrine System Hormones are chemical regulators produced in glands in one part of the body to control the function of another part of the body. Endocrine glands are hormone producing organs that release small amounts of hormone into the bloodstream. Ex: pituitary gland Exocrine glands release substances into body cavities, or the surface of the body. Ex: pancreas

Non-target hormones affect many cells throughout the body. Ex: growth hormone Target hormones affect specific cells. Ex: gasterin that stimulates the stomach to produce stomach acid Some glands produce a variety of hormones.

Steroid hormones are made from cholesterol, and are not water soluble. Ex: testosterone. Protein hormones are made of chains of amino acids, and are water soluble. Ex: insulin

Type 1 Diabetes – develops when your pancreas makes little or no insulin. Glucose can't get into the cells for energy and remains in the blood, causing hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). It is caused by a genetic mutation. Type 2 Diabetes – also is caused by your pancreas makes little or no insulin. However, it is caused by environmental factors such as; unhealthy eating and an inactive lifestyle.

Homework: Data Based Questions – pg 248, 250