The New Deal Affects Many Groups Chapter 15 Section 3 Based on the textbook The Americans, 2006

Women Frances Perkins –First female cabinet member More married women working

African-Americans A. Philip Randolph –Organized the first all black trade union, The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Mary Mcleod Bethune –Head of the Division of Negro Affairs of the NYA

African-Americans “Black Cabinet” –Influential African American advisors to FDR on racial issues Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday, 1939

FDR fails to support Civil Rights He did NOT approve a federal antilynching law or end the poll tax NRA, CCC, & TVA were discriminatory

Southern Tenant Farmers Union Sought to protect the rights of tenant farmers and sharecroppers Launched campaigns to increase job opportunities

Mexican Americans Many worked farms at 9/hour Faced discrimination

Native Americans John Collier appointed as commissioner of Indian Affairs –Helped create the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 Native American lands belonged to the entire tribe Children could go to school on the reservation Tribes could elect councils and self- govern

New Deal Coalition An alignment of diverse groups dedicated to supporting the democratic party

Labor Unions Flourish Better working conditions Increased collective bargaining Membership increased American Federation of Labor (AFL) opposed industrial unions

Committee for Industrial Organization Set up to organize industrial unions Became Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)

Labor Disputes Sit-down strike Republic Steel Plant (Chi) –Memorial day 1937 –10 killed, 84 wounded –Memorial Day Massacre

Election of 1936 FDR wins