Chapter 4 Making Connections
Modem Modulates digital data onto analog signal and then demodulate analog signal back to digital data Features: Standard telephone operations (auto-dial, etc.) Connection negotiation (fallback and forward) Compression and error correction Fax Security Self-testing (loop-back – local, remote)
Types of Modems Internal External
Types of Modems Modems for Laptops PCMCIA cards PC Cards Cardbus ( 32bit PC card )
Types of Modems TypesFeatures 56K Digital Modem 56Kbps CSU/DSU ( for T1 digital telephone lines) Symmetric 1.544Mbps Cable Modem Asymmetric: Download: 2.5Mbps Upload: 350Kbps ISDN Modem 128Kbps all digital DSL Modem Speed similar to Cable Modem All digital
Modem Pools Multiple workstations sharing a modem. External users to dial into a business or corporate network
Traditional Interface Standards Specified the interface between a DTE and DCE EIA-232F RS-232m RS-449 X.21 Bell Interface Standards Hayes
High-speed Interface Protocols FireWire A bus that connects peripheral devices such as wireless modems and high-speed digital video cameras to microcomputers, at 400 Mbps. Designated as IEEE asynchronous connections isochronous connections (provides a guaranteed data transport at a pre-determined rate
High-speed Interface Protocols Universal Serial Bus (USB) Modern standard for interconnecting modems and other peripheral devices to microcomputers. Plug and play Power provided by the USB cable High-speed connection (USB 1.0 is only 12 Mbps, but USB 2.0 is 480 Mbps
Asynchronous Connections Data link layer. Unit: frame Start bit Stop bit Parity bit to detect errors
Synchronous Connections Data link layer A large package (frame) header and trailer flags control information optional address information error detection code (checksum) data.
Terminal-to-Mainframe Computer Connections A point-to-point connection is a direct, unshared connection between a terminal and a mainframe computer. A multipoint connection is a shared connection between multiple terminals and a mainframe computer. The mainframe is called the primary, and each terminal is called a secondary.
Connections in Action
1 and 2 - DIN connectors for keyboard and mouse 3 USB connectors 4 and 6 - DB-9 connectors, Serial-port 5 Parallel port connector DB-25 (Centronics) (USB someday?) 7, 8 and 9 - audio connectors