The New Frontier Unit 4 Section 1 Part 4

A. Kennedy and the Cold War JFK rand against Richard Nixon in 1960 JFK rand against Richard Nixon in 1960 The election was the first televised The election was the first televised Probably won Kennedy the presidency Probably won Kennedy the presidency He looked better on TV than Nixon He looked better on TV than Nixon JFK had also called a judge and got MLK out of jail for peaceful protesting JFK had also called a judge and got MLK out of jail for peaceful protesting This got him a lot of African American votes This got him a lot of African American votes Kennedy made sure he got America’s smartest people in his cabinet Kennedy made sure he got America’s smartest people in his cabinet

B. The Bay of Pigs Invasion During Eisenhower’s presidency, Fidel Castro had taken over Cuba During Eisenhower’s presidency, Fidel Castro had taken over Cuba Turned it into a communist country that had ties to the USSR Turned it into a communist country that had ties to the USSR This frightened many Americans This frightened many Americans Kennedy approved an invasion to take Castro out of power Kennedy approved an invasion to take Castro out of power He was assured by the CIA that it would work He was assured by the CIA that it would work

Invasion was a disaster Invasion was a disaster -the NY times had reported the invasion a week before -the NY times had reported the invasion a week before -US bombers failed to destroy Cuba’s airforce -US bombers failed to destroy Cuba’s airforce -Castro was prepared for the land attack, because he knew about it -Castro was prepared for the land attack, because he knew about it -when the invaders made it to Cuba, they fought for 3 days and were easily defeated -when the invaders made it to Cuba, they fought for 3 days and were easily defeated This failed invasion made the US look really stupid This failed invasion made the US look really stupid It also caused strengthened the relationship btwn Cuba and the USSR It also caused strengthened the relationship btwn Cuba and the USSR

C. The Berlin Crisis US failure to invade Cuba made us look weak in the USSR’s eyes US failure to invade Cuba made us look weak in the USSR’s eyes Nikita Khrushchev was now the leader Nikita Khrushchev was now the leader JFK and Khrushchev met in 1961 JFK and Khrushchev met in 1961 Khrushchev demanded that the US withdraw from West Germany and recognize East Germany as an independent nation Khrushchev demanded that the US withdraw from West Germany and recognize East Germany as an independent nation Then, Khrushchev built the Berlin Wall to keep East German people in Then, Khrushchev built the Berlin Wall to keep East German people in

D. The Cuban Missile Crisis Khrushchev continued to test the US Khrushchev continued to test the US He wanted to make sure the US did not try to invade Cuba again He wanted to make sure the US did not try to invade Cuba again He began sending nuclear weapons to Cuba He began sending nuclear weapons to Cuba The US learned of this and sent ships to blockade Cuba The US learned of this and sent ships to blockade Cuba The USSR said that any attack on Cuba would mean war The USSR said that any attack on Cuba would mean war As USSR ships tried to bring more nukes to Cuba, they met the Blockade As USSR ships tried to bring more nukes to Cuba, they met the Blockade At the last second, the USSR ships turned around and went back At the last second, the USSR ships turned around and went back The US then forced Cuba to get rid of its nuclear weapons The US then forced Cuba to get rid of its nuclear weapons

E. Kennedy’s New Frontier JFK’s presidential program was called the New Frontier JFK’s presidential program was called the New Frontier JFK and his wife Jacqueline Kennedy were constantly on TV JFK and his wife Jacqueline Kennedy were constantly on TV The American people loved to watch them The American people loved to watch them This created a good public opinion of him This created a good public opinion of him Congress and other gov’t officials thought he was too young and tried to stop many of his plans Congress and other gov’t officials thought he was too young and tried to stop many of his plans The exploration of space was a big part of the New Frontier The exploration of space was a big part of the New Frontier In 1961, the USSR launched the first man into space In 1961, the USSR launched the first man into space They claimed that this showed the superiority of communism They claimed that this showed the superiority of communism

The same year, JFK pledged to put the first man on the moon The same year, JFK pledged to put the first man on the moon This created a space race btwn the US and USSR This created a space race btwn the US and USSR In 1969, the US succeeds and Neil Armstrong became the first person on the moon In 1969, the US succeeds and Neil Armstrong became the first person on the moon

Another part of the New Frontier was civil rights Another part of the New Frontier was civil rights Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, African American civil rights would begin Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, African American civil rights would begin He also created the Miranda Rights or rights of accused people He also created the Miranda Rights or rights of accused people Another important decision he made was to take Bible verses and readings out of school Another important decision he made was to take Bible verses and readings out of school

Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society Unit 4 Section 2 Part 2

A. Kennedy’s Assassination Nov. 22, 1963, JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas while in a parade Nov. 22, 1963, JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas while in a parade Vice president Lyndon B. Johnson was immediately sworn in as president Vice president Lyndon B. Johnson was immediately sworn in as president Police arrested Lee Harvey Oswald for the killing Police arrested Lee Harvey Oswald for the killing -he had ties to Cuba and the USSR -he had ties to Cuba and the USSR 2 days later, while being transferred to prison, Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby 2 days later, while being transferred to prison, Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby -nightclub owner w/ ties to organized crime -nightclub owner w/ ties to organized crime The Warren Commission investigation stated that Oswald acted alone The Warren Commission investigation stated that Oswald acted alone This investigation is highly debated today This investigation is highly debated today

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B. Johnson’s Great Society Johnson announced that he would continue Kennedy’s policies Johnson announced that he would continue Kennedy’s policies He called on Congress to pass Kennedy’s legislation that they had previously blocked He called on Congress to pass Kennedy’s legislation that they had previously blocked Then, Johnson engaged in a war on poverty, fueled by Harrington’s The Other America Then, Johnson engaged in a war on poverty, fueled by Harrington’s The Other America Economic Opportunity Act funded anti-poverty programs Economic Opportunity Act funded anti-poverty programs One such program was the Job Corps One such program was the Job Corps -offered work training for unemployed youth -offered work training for unemployed youth

Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) -provided help to poor communities -provided help to poor communities These org. were run by the Office of Economic Opportunity in the White House These org. were run by the Office of Economic Opportunity in the White House Johnson also cut taxes, which lowered unemployment Johnson also cut taxes, which lowered unemployment

C. The Great Society When Johnson was elected in 1964,he started his own programs When Johnson was elected in 1964,he started his own programs Called his Great Society Called his Great Society Included the Elementary and Secondary Education Act Included the Elementary and Secondary Education Act -gov’t aid given to public schools -gov’t aid given to public schools Higher Education Act Higher Education Act -created federal scholarships for needy college students -created federal scholarships for needy college students Medicaid Medicaid -Free healthcare to the poor -Free healthcare to the poor Medicare Medicare -Free healthcare to the elderly -Free healthcare to the elderly

D. Johnson’s Foreign Policy 1965, Johnson sent 22,000 troops to the Dominican Republic to stop the spread of communism 1965, Johnson sent 22,000 troops to the Dominican Republic to stop the spread of communism This guideline for intervention in Latin America was known as the Johnson Doctrine This guideline for intervention in Latin America was known as the Johnson Doctrine Johnson also made a treaty w/ the USSR insuring good treatment of each other’s diplomats Johnson also made a treaty w/ the USSR insuring good treatment of each other’s diplomats April, 1967, Both U.S. and USSR ban weapons in space April, 1967, Both U.S. and USSR ban weapons in space 1968, the Pueblo, a US navy spy ship was captured by North Korea 1968, the Pueblo, a US navy spy ship was captured by North Korea Johnson threatened to send in troops, but N. Korea gave up the crew, but kept the ship Johnson threatened to send in troops, but N. Korea gave up the crew, but kept the ship Called the Pueblo Incident Called the Pueblo Incident