Dr. Ali K. Al-Mesrawi

SOCIOLOGY Study of social causes and consequences of human behaviour

Social epidemiology: is defined as the “study of the social distribution and social determinants of states of health” The aim of social epidemiology is to identify socio environmental exposures that may be related to physical and mental health outcomes. The principal concern of social epidemiology is the study of how society and social organization influence the health and standard of living of individuals and populations.

SOCIAL MEDICINE The study of medical needs or medical care of the society with the knowledge of social epidemiology

NEED FOR THE STUDY OF SOCIOLGY/ HEALTH SOCIOLGY Rapid transformation تحول Joint family disintegration Broken home Unemployment Urbanisation Confusion in the system of education

Socio-economic Conditions And Health Economic status Education Occupation Political system Housing Employment Poverty Illitracy and ignorence Travel Industrilization Food habits Tobacco, alcohol and drug abuse

INDUSTRIALISATION ECONOMIC PROGRESS STANDARD OF LIVING OVER CROWDING ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION SOCIAL PROBLEMS

COMMUNITY URBAN COMMUNITY Homelessness Social heterogenesity Social distance Emotional tension and insecurity

RURAL COMMUNITY Community conciousness Role of neighbourhood Joint family Faith in religion Simplicity

RURAL URBAN DIFFERENCES Joint family Less of love marriage Neighbourhood is important Sense of we feeling is much stronger Social interaction is personnel Nuclear family More of divorce It is not important It is not seen Social interaction is impersonel

URBAN PROBLEMS ANTISOCIAL ACTIVITY POVERTY CRIME MENTAL ILLNESS DELINQUENCY PROSTITUTION POPULATION GROWTH POLITICAL AND INDUSTRIAL UNREST ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AND POLLUTION

MAJOR RURAL PROBLEMS Malnutrition under 5 year children Illitracy Child labour School dropout Poor transport Poor communication Electricity problems Labour problems

FAMILY Family is a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood or adoption; constituting a single household, interacting and inter-communicating with each other in their respective social roles of husband and wife, mother and father, son and daughter, brother and sister

FAMILY Basic unit of the society Primary unit of the society Biological unit of the society Cultural unit of the society Epidemiological unit of the society

SOCIAL FUNCTION OF FAMILY Regulation of sexual behaviour and reproduction Care and training of children Economic Recreation Protective Religious Education

ROLE OF FAMILY IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS Somatic symptoms increases tension among the family members Chronic illness and complicated illness is determintel to the family functioning Family prestige is affected by mentally retarded child To take over the roll of the ill person when he/she is no longer capable of performing It will provide care until recovery and long term support

DISEASES MORE AFFECTING ON FAMILY HEMOPHILIA, DM, and MENTAL ILLNESS Tb, common cold, measles, chicken-pox, diarrhoea, dysentry, and fever Congenital malformation

SOCIAL PROBLEM Prostitution The disabled Poverty Juvenile delinquency Unemployment Alcoholism Womens employment Child labour Street children Social problem of workers

CULTURE It is defined as learned behaviour which has been socially acquired

CULTURAL FACTORS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE PERSONAL HYGIENE NUTRITION IMMUNISATION SEEKING EARLY MEDICAL CARE FAMILY PLANNING

SOCIAL CONTROL It is the sum of those methods by which a society tries to influence human behaviour

OBJECTIVES OF SOCIAL CONTROL To maintain social order To establish a social unity To regulate or control individual behaviour To check cultural mal- adjustment

MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL INFORMAL MEANS FORMAL MEANS

INFORMAL MEANS Belief Social suggestion Ideologies

FORMAL MEANS LAW EDUCATION REGULATIONS

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR HEALTH INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITY THE NATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY INTERNATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY

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