DO NOW….. What factors could affect a person’s nutritional needs?

Lifelong Nutrition Chapter 11 Lesson 3

Factors AGE - during teen years, calorie needs increase to support growth. - during teen years, calorie needs increase to support growth.

GENDER - Females tend to need less calories, HOWEVER, females have greater need for some nutrients, like iron and calcium..

Activity Level - the more active you are, the more calories your body needs to maintain your weight! - the more active you are, the more calories your body needs to maintain your weight!

Michael Phelps

Vegetarian Diets Vegetarian Diets A person who eats mostly or only plant-based foods Advantages ? Low in saturated fat and cholesterol Disadvantages? Lower in certain nutrients: **Vitamin B12 is only found in animal based foods**

Types Vegans: strictly plant-based Lacto-Ovo: add dairy foods & eggs to their diet Lacto: add only dairy Foods Ovo: Eggs

Supplements Some vegetarians may need to take dietary supplements Definition: products that supply one or more nutrients as a supplement to, NOT a substitute for, healthy foods.

Health Conditions! Foods that we eat can trigger certain diseases. 1.DIABETES: - must monitor blood sugar - must monitor blood sugar - some must take/inject themselves with insulin - some must take/inject themselves with insulin 2. FOOD ALLERGY: - range from annoying to life threatening - range from annoying to life threatening - affects immune system - must check ingredients - affects immune system - must check ingredients

3. LACTOSE INTOLERANCE: - can’t easily digest lactose in milk and some - can’t easily digest lactose in milk and some dairy products dairy products 4. CELIAC DISEASE: - Also known as gluten intolerance - Also known as gluten intolerance Health Conditions effected by Food

5. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE:: - consuming salt can raise - consuming salt can raise a person’s blood pressure 6.HIGHCHOLESTEROL: - reduce intake of saturated fats and trans fats - reduce intake of saturated fats and trans fats

Nutrition for Athletes Fact: Teen Athletes may need up to 5,000 calories per day. - Require more protein and carbohydrates - Require more protein and carbohydrates

Athletes Continued Hydration – sweat during exercise; body loses fluids. Fluids must be replaced to avoid dehydration Fluids must be replaced to avoid dehydration Dehydration can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes Dehydration can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes

Avoiding Performance Enhancers Substances that boost athletic ability Types Anabolic Steroids – Illegal w/o prescription from dr. Anabolic Steroids – Illegal w/o prescription from dr. Androstenedione AKA “Andro” – banned from professional sports. Androstenedione AKA “Andro” – banned from professional sports. Creatine – releases energy but side effects include nausea and muscle cramping. Creatine – releases energy but side effects include nausea and muscle cramping. Energy Drinks – quick energy, but have caffeine which leads to dehydration and increase of heart rate. Energy Drinks – quick energy, but have caffeine which leads to dehydration and increase of heart rate.

A Steroid Story

Body Image…