Translating Today’s Benefits to the Future w Suppose you want to know how much money you would have in 5 years if you placed $5,000 in the bank today at an interest rate of 6% compounded annually. w future value of a one-time investment. The future value is the accumulated amount of your investment fund at the end of a specified period.

w This is an exercise that involves the use of compound interest. Compound interest - Situation where you earn interest on the original investment and any interest that has been generated by that investment previously. Earn interest on your interest First year: $5,000(1+.06) = $5,300 Second year: $5,300(1+.06) = $5,618 Third year:$5,618(1+.06) = $5, Fourth year:$5,955.08(1+.06) = $6, Fifth year: $6,312.38(1+.06) = $6,691.13

Effect of Compound Interest

w Formula: FV = PV(1 + r) n r = interest rate divided by the compounding factor –(yearly r / compounding factor) n = number of compounding periods –(yearly n * compounding factor) PV = Present Value of your investment Compounding Factors: Yearly = 1 Quarterly = 4 Monthly = 12 Daily = 365

Please note that I will always report r’s and n’s as yearly numbers You will need to determine the compounding factor All of your terms must agree as to time. If you are taking an action monthly (like investing every month), then r and n must automatically be converted to monthly compounding. If you are rounding in time value of money formulas, you need AT LEAST four (4) numbers after the zeros (0) r =.08/12 r= (not or or etc.)

Yearly compounding PV = 5000 r =.06 n = 5 FV = $5,000(1.06) 5 = $6, Monthly compounding PV = 5000 r = (.06/12) =.005 n = 5(12) = 60 FV = $5,000(1+.005) 60 = $6,744.25

How do the calculations change if the investment is repeated periodically? w Suppose you want to know how much money you would have in 24 years if you placed $500 in the bank each year for twenty-four years at an annual interest rate of 8%. w future value of a periodic investment or future value of an annuity (stream of payments over time) = FVA

The formula is... where PV = the Present Value of the payment in each period r = interest rate divided by the compounding factor n = number of compounding periods

Let’s try it… w $500/year, 8% interest, 24 years, yearly compounding PV = 500 r =.08 n = 24 = 500 ( ) w = $33,382.38

Let’s try it again… w $50/month, 8% interest, 5 years, monthly compounding PV = 50 r = (.08/12) = n = 5(12) = 60

= 50 ( ) w = $ w Try again with n=120 w FVA=$

More Practice w You have a really cool grandma who gave you $1,000 for your high school graduation. You invested it in a 5-year CD, earning 5% interest. How much will you have when you cash it out if it is compounded yearly? w How much will you have if it is compounded monthly? w How much will you have if it is compounded daily?

w Yearly Compounding w 1000(1+.05) 5 w =$ w Monthly Compounding w r = (.05/12) = w n = 5(12) = 60 w 1000( ) 60 w =$ w Daily Compounding w r = (.05/365) = w n = 5(365) = 1825 w 1000( ) 1825 w =$

Some more practice... w You have decided to be proactive for the future, and will save $25 a month. At the end of 10 years, how much will you have saved, if you earn 8% interest annually? w Monthly Compounding w FVA = w PV = $25 a month w r = (.08/12) = w n = (10)(12) = 120 w FVA = $

Do I have the money now? Determining when to use Future Value vs. Present Value Calculation/Tables Yes No Is it a lump sum? Yes No Yes No Use FV of a single payment Use PV of a single payment Use FV of an annuity Use PV of an annuity Use FV calculation/table Use PV calculation/table

Future Value of $1 (single amount) Year5%6%7%8%9%

Year5%6%7%8%9% Future Value of a Series of Annual Deposits (annuity)

Year5%6%7%8%9% Present Value of $1 (single amount)

Year5%6%7%8%9% Present Value of a Series of Annual Deposits (annuity)