Case Study: Creep-Resistant Steels cml.postech.ac.kr/teaching.html Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology (GIFT)

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Presentation transcript:

Case Study: Creep-Resistant Steels cml.postech.ac.kr/teaching.html Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology (GIFT)

Z-phase, inaccurate data

Thermodynamics Cannot win, can only break even Cannot reach absolute zero Can only break even at absolute zero

Goal Increase as far as is possible, the maximum temperature in the cycle i.e. better materials & engineering

Taylor & Thornton, ALSTOM Power, Rugby

0.5 µm

time = t time = t+∆t  

2.25Cr1Mo 600°C

Yamasaki & Bhadeshia, 2003

x

diffusion flux distance concentration c  r c r 1 2 r 1 r 2    Coarsening

Time / s Mean radius / m 1/3 1/ Number density 10 m Fujita & Bhadeshia, 2000 Time / s

Time at 600 °C / h M_23C_6 size / µm 0W 1W 2W 4W Data from Abe, 1999 Fe-9Cr-W alloys

Tungsten / wt% Mole fraction of phase Laves phase M_23 C_6

Multicomponent coarsening Venugopalan & Kirkaldy, 1978

e e e e-19 Tungsten / wt% Effective diffusivity / m s multicomponent chromium alone 2 Coarsening accelerated by tungsten

distance concentration in ferrite Laves   Multiphase coarsening ?

Cole & Bhadeshia, o C