WARM-UP: IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT IS THE BEST WAY TO LEARN ABOUT ONE’S CULTURE?

CULTURE YOU JUST THOUGHT WE WERE DONE TALKING ABOUT IT..

SIMULATION WALK MAKE A CIRCLE IN THE FLEX AREA…

LOOKING BACK… What is a symbol? A thing that stands for or represents something else Range from physical objects to sounds, smells, and tastes

SYMBOLS IN COMMERCIALS: Make a list of all symbols you see in these commercials… Commercial #1: Commercial #2: Commercial #3: Commercial #4: Commercial #5:

MORE COMMERCIALS Commercial #6: Commercial #7: Commercial #8: Commercial #9: Commercial #10:

SYMBOLS IN COMMERCIALS: What did you find?

LOOKING BACK… What is a law? A norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials laws are consciously created and enforced

WHY DO WE BREAK LAWS? Laws in the United States… You have to be 18 to see a rated “R” movie. You must be 21 to consume alcohol. Any other examples?

DUMB LAWS In Alabama… Bear wrestling matches are prohibited. Incestuous marriages are legal. It is considered an offense to open an umbrella on a street, for fear of spooking horses. It is illegal to sell peanuts in Lee County after sundown on Wednesday. In Texas… It is illegal to sell one’s eye. A program has been created in the state that attempts to control the weather When two trains meet each other at a railroad crossing, each shall come to a full stop, and neither shall proceed until the other has gone. It is illegal to take more than three sips of beer at a time while standing.

DUMB LAWS In Virginia… You may not engage in business on Sundays, with the exception of almost every industry. If one is not married, it is illegal for him to have sexual relations. Police radar detectors are illegal Citizens must honk their horn while passing other cars. Children are not to go trick-or-treating on Halloween. In Hawaii… Billboards are outlawed. Coins are not allowed to be placed in one’s ears. You may only have one alcoholic drink in front of you at a time All residents may be fined as a result of not owning a boat.

ACTIVITY In groups of two or three, create a law and explain why. We will then have the class vote on rejecting or accepting your group’s law based on how well you presented the info

WHAT ABOUT… Immigration laws? Equal marriage laws? Gun laws? Death Penalty? Healthcare?

WARM-UP If you could change any law, what would it be and why?

LAWS: DEBATE ACTIVITY #1: Do you believe in same sex marriage? Why or why not? #2: Do you believe that TV shows are corrupting our youth? Why or why not? #3: Do you agree with the war on terrorism? Why or why not?

WARM-UP: Do you think humans are born with culture? Why or why not?

WARM-UP What, do you think, is the importance of socialization?

SOCIALIZATION CULTURE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES

WHAT COMES TO YOUR MIND WHEN YOU HEAR THE WORD “SOCIALIZATION”? Is it…

THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIALIZATION Socialization: what is it? in your notes, write down your own definition.

DEFINITION… Socialization: the cultural process of learning to participate in group life. More simply… the process of acquiring culture Without it, we would not develop many of the characteristics we associate with being human.

QUESTION: Are human infants born with culture?

ANSWER: NO- they must be transformed by their parents, teachers, and others into cultural and socially adept beings.

SOCIALIZATION AND PERSONALITY begins at birth and continues throughout life. Successful socialization enables people to fit into all kinds of social groups. most important learning occurs early in life. without prolonged and intensive social contact, children do not learn such basics as walking, talking, and loving. Without socialization, a human infant cannot develop the set of attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors associated with being an individual.

SO… Socialization is important in the process of personality formation. While much of human personality is the result of our genes, the socialization process can mold it in particular directions. encouraging specific beliefs and attitudes as well as selectively providing experiences. This accounts for much of the difference between the common personality types in one society in comparison to another.

ACTIVITY Pick any two groups of people & Compare and contrast their culture in relation to personality

EXAMPLE the Semai tribe in Malaysia are typically gentle people who do not like violent, aggressive people. In fact, they avoid them whenever possible.

EXAMPLE In contrast, the Yanomamö Indians on the border area between Venezuela and Brazil usually train their boys to be tough and aggressive. The ideal Yanomamö man does not shrink from violence and strong emotions. In fact, he seeks them out. -xYeo

EXAMPLE Likewise, Shiite Muslim men of Iran are expected at times to publicly express their religious faith through the act of self- inflicted pain. YdMk

HOW DO WE KNOW SOCIALIZATION IS IMPORTANT? Experiments and nonexperimental evidence Psychologist Harry Harlow devised an experiment that showed the negative effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys. showed that infant monkeys need intimacy, warmth, physical contact, and comfort. Infant monkeys raised in isolation became distressed, apathetic, withdrawn, hostile adult animals.

LAWRENCE CASLER’S STUDY Human babies denied close contact usually have difficulty forming emotional ties with others. The developmental growth rate of institutionalized children who receive less physical contact than normal, can be improved with only twenty minutes of extra touching a day. aKis

QUESTION What can we learn from these experiments and nonexperimental evidences?

ANSWER The personal and social development associated with being human is acquired through intensive and prolonged social contact with others.

SUCCESSFUL SOCIALIZATION… …can result in uniformity within a society if all children receive the same socialization, it is likely that they will share the same beliefs and expectations. This fact has been a strong motivation for governments around the world to standardize education and make it required for all children.

SOCIALIZATION IN GOVERNMENT What are some examples of socialization sanctions issued by the government?

HOW ARE CHILDREN SOCIALIZED? Socialization is a learning process that begins shortly after birth. Early childhood is the period of the most crucial socialization we acquire language and learn the basics of our culture much of our personality takes shape However, we continue to be socialized throughout our lives. As we age, we enter new statuses and need to learn the appropriate roles for them.

ACTIVITY Write down 4 key points in your life that have changed your role (ex: Turning 18 and being able to vote)

SOCIALIZING CHILDREN different cultures use different techniques to socialize their children FORMAL and INFORMAL teaching methods: formal: happens in a classroom; usually is structured, controlled, and directed by adult teachers who are professional "knowers.“ informal: can occur anywhere; involves imitation of what others do and say This is what happens when children role-play adult interactions in their games

WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF INFORMAL EDUCATION? TCH?V=_KSWOYLGV0O TCH?V=_KSWOYLGV0O

IS MOST OF SOCIALIZATION DONE BY FORMAL OR INFORMAL EDUCATION?

INFORMAL! crucial early socialization throughout the world is done informally

AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION During childhood and adolescence, the major agents of socialization are: family school peer group mass media ated

FAMILY The family’s role is critical in forming basic values. Within the family, essential developments occur. The child learns to: think and speak internalize norms, beliefs, and values form basic attitudes develop a capacity for intimate and personal relationships acquire a self-image

FAMILY IS THE MOST IMPORTANT OF THE AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION. FAMILY IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERMINING ONE'S ATTITUDES TOWARD RELIGION AND ESTABLISHING CAREER GOALS.

SCHOOLS In school, many of the child’s relationships with other people are impersonal. Rewards and punishments are based on performance rather than affection. A teacher evaluates her students by more objective standards than a mother. Children are taught to be less dependent emotionally on their parents. Underlying the formal goals of the school is the hidden curriculum.

THE SCHOOL IS THE AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR SOCIALIZING GROUPS OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN PARTICULAR SKILLS AND VALUES IN OUR SOCIETY.

PEER GROUP A child’s peer group–composed of individuals of roughly the same age and interests–is the only agency of socialization that is not controlled by adults. Young people have an opportunity to engage in give-and-take relationships. Children experience conflict, competition, and cooperation. Children also gain experience in self-direction. Peer groups give children a chance to begin to make their own decisions, experiment with new ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

PEERS REFER TO PEOPLE WHO ARE ROUGHLY THE SAME AGE AND/OR WHO SHARE OTHER SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS (E.G., STUDENTS IN A COLLEGE CLASS).

MASS MEDIA Mass media are means of communication designed to reach the general population. They include television, radio, newspapers, magazines, movies, books, the Internet, tapes, and discs. It is often through the mass media that children are introduced to numerous aspects of their culture

SCENARIO #1 Say a parent is over-protective and does not let their child attend sleep-overs and birthday parties… what will be a consequence to that child’s social character?