 Write down homework:  Conceptual Analysis retake by 10/2 (X) and 10/3 (Y)  Understanding Devolution and Federalism – due 10/6 (X), 10/7 (Y)  Current event due 10/6 (X), 10/7 (Y)

1. Test (X) 10 minutes to finish 2. Review commonly missed questions from Unit 2 (Y) 3. Begin unit 3 … Make sure you have the following Handouts – Devolution Reading Questions, Unit 3 Notesheets, Unit 3 WWWWs and October Calendar 4. Discuss PPT-3.1 – Ideas of types of government and forces that affect those governments 5. Start Mock Country

 Show unit 2 knowledge by completing a test  Differentiate between centripetal and centrifugal forces by coming up with a way to remember them  Compare and contrast the various geographic distributions of power by coming up with advantages and disadvantages of each  Identify the forces leading to devolution by completing a “mock country”

LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT  Every state has multiple levels of authority, but its geographic distribution varies widely.  Unitary System –  concentrates all policymaking powers in one central geographic place. The central government has control over all lower levels of government, and although lower levels may exist, they have no powers of protections guaranteed them.  They are not constitutionally protected.  Power emanates from the CENTRAL government  Iran, China, the UK

 Confederal system –  spread the power among many sub-units (such as states) and has a weak central government. At this point, membership is usually voluntary.  Power emanates from the sub-units  EU

 Federal system –  divides the power between the central government and the sub-units. The lower levels of government have certain protections guaranteed under a constitution that the central government cannot take away.  Federal systems usually have a bicameral legislature where one house represents the regions.  Examples?  Russia, Mexico, Nigeria

 Let’s review  What is a unitary system in your own words?  What is a federal system…in your own words?  What is a confederal system…in your own words?

 In your group, discuss the advantages of a unitary and federal system, then the disadvantages of a unitary and federal system

SUPRANATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND  Supranational Organizations –  Supranational Organizations – cooperating groups of nation- states that operate on either a regional or international level and they have a binding power. Members nations pool their sovereignty. Ex. EU, WTO, ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States…Nigeria holds a spot)  Supranational Organizations are different from  Intergovernmental organizations which are agreements with no central organization, they are voluntary, not binding. Ex. OPEC, NATO

CENTRIPETAL VS. CENTRIFUGAL FORCES  Centripetal forces – bind together the people of a state, giving it strength.  What would be some examples?  Nationalism would be an example of this.  Schools,  the armed forces,  religions etc.

 Centrifugal forces –  these oppose centripetal forces. They destabilize the government and encourage the country to fall apart.  A country that is not well governed or organized can lose the loyalty of its citizens and the government can fail to provide the peoples’ basic needs.  Examples?  Boko Haram in Nigeria, Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan, ISIS/ISIL in Syria

 Write down the definition (in your own words) of the following terms… one for each square  Unitary  Federal  Confederal  Then answer this question:  What is a primary difference between a supranational organization and an intergovernmental organization?

 What is a way that we can remember centrifugal and centripetal?  We’ll vote on our favorite…

 One reaction states have to centrifugal forces is devolution –  the tendency to decentralize decisions making into regional governments. It occurs in a unitary system.  Ex. United Kingdom devolved some power to regional assemblies in Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

 The power given to the subunits is not constitutionally protected.  THEREFORE, it can be taken away!!!

 What is the difference between a devolved unitary state and a federal state?

DEVOLUTION: ETHNIC, ECONOMIC AND SPATIAL FORCES  Devolution is usually a reaction to centrifugal forces.

 A country might devolve power to  Pacify rivals  Prevent a revolution  Ease ethnic, regional, or national cleavages  Give in to political pressure

 Give in to external or international pressure  Increase legitimacy  Increase political participation  Increasing the accountability of local leaders

 In your group, you need to create a hypothetical/make believe country  Decide if you want it to be unitary or federal, why? If its federal, what can the sub-units do, what can the central government do? If its unitary, is there devolution? Explain.  Draw a map.  Put your information on the poster paper.  Leave space – we will add to it after 3.2

 1. Which of the following is most similar to a procedural democracy  A. Illiberal democracy  B. Substantive democracy  C. Consolidated democracy  D. Advanced democracy  E. Market-based democracy

 2. Which of the following political blocs would be most likely to favor nationalism of large industrial enterprises?  A. Liberals  B. Islamists  C. Socialists  D. Libertarians  E. Conservatives

 3. The legitimacy of a regime may be based on all of the following EXCEPT for which factor?  A. A constitution  B. Coercive Power  C. Legal Authority  D. Divine right of kings  E. Charismatic personality of a king

 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the descriptions that often characterize nonparticipation in political systems?  A. Uneducated  B. Unemployed  C. Poor  D. Ethnic minorities  E. young

 8. Which political ideology seeks to severely limit government involvement in all aspects of society?  A. Socialism  B. Fascism  C. Conservativism  D. Libertarianism`  E. Liberalism

 15. What is one key difference between unconventional participants and nonparticipants in a political system?  A. Nonparticipants are usually from the upper classes, while unconventional are from the lower classes  B. Unconventional participants have more knowledge of and interest in politics  C. Nonparticipants are usually only motivated by leaders of a particular political movement while unconventional participants join political organizations.  D. Nonparticipants tend to engage in destabilizing activities, which unconventional do not  E. Unconventional participants tend to regularly vote

 22. The term political regime is used to describe which of the following?  A. The enduring practices that exist from government to government  B. The geographic boundaries of an area  C. The group of elected officials with political power  D. All of the political actors within a government  E. The psychological attachment to a group of people

 24. Which of the following is an example of marketization?  A. Venezuela nationalizing its oil industry  B. The US giving subsidies to corn growers to produce ethanol  C. The US deregulating the banking industry in the 1980s  D. Coca- Cola introducing a new brand of soda- pop  E. China keeping its currency low to keep their products cheaper than their competitors

 1. Describe one defining characteristic of a command economy and describe one defining characteristic of a market economy. Contrast these two.  2. Describe one economic system. Describe one political ideology. Explain how each one contributes to the legitimacy of a particular political regime.

 3. Define political socialization. Identify one agent of political socialization. Explain how the agency you have identified promotes political socialization.  4. Describe one major difference between a revolution and a coup d’etat. Identify a country in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course where there have been several successful coups in the past 50 years. Describe a political consequence of the coups in the country you identified.

 Retakes are available – you will have to do a conceptual analysis, and I will average the two. It will not be the same test.  Look over your test – if you have a question, I will come around and answer it one on one