Electronic devices which are  Optically transparent  See-through  Invisibly light in weight  Transparent in visible portion of the Electromagnetic spectrum

Technology uses TCO Host  TCFs for photovoltaic applications have been fabricated from both inorganic and organic materials. Inorganic films typically are made up of a layer of TCO (transparent conducting oxide), generally in the form of indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO),and doped zinc oxide  Transparent conducting films act, as a window for light to pass through to the active material beneath  The actual and potential applications of TCO thin films include: (1) transparent electrodes for flat panel displays (2) transparent electrodes for photovoltaic cells, (3) low emissivity windows, (4) window defrosters, (5) transparent thin films transistors, (6) light emitting diodes, and (7) semiconductor lasers  Transparent conductive oxides (TCO) are doped metal oxides used in optoelectronic devices such as flat panel displays and photovoltaic. Most of these films are fabricated with polycrystalline or amorphous microstructures.

ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDE  Combining optical transparency with electrical conductivity  Electronic properties of conventional TCO HOST  Substitutional doping  Oxygen reduction  Carrier generation

HOW IT WORKS Transparent oxide semiconductor based transistors have recently been proposed using as active channel intrinsic zinc oxide (ZnO). The main advantage of using ZnO deals with the fact that it is possible to growth at/near room temperature high quality polycrystalline ZnO, which is a particular advantage for electronic drivers, where the response speed is of major importance. Besides that, since ZnO is a wide band gap material (3.4 eV), it is transparent in the visible region of the spectra and therefore, also less light sensitive.

Oxides play key role Zinc oxide (Zno) Amphorous oxide provide extremely smooth surfaces Easy to integrate & manufacture Superior reliability Enhanced performance

Transparent electronic components Transparent electronic components Transparent thin film resistors (TTFR’S) Transparent thin film capacitors (TTFC’S) Transparent thin film inductors (TTFI’S) Transparent thin film transistors (TTFT’S)

APPLICATIONS  AMOLED transparent switches  LCD displays  Organic OLED displays  Solar cells  Electronic paper  Smart windows  Automobile windshields  Touch panels

First generation pre-(2007 ) Transparent conductive material (ITO) 2 nd generation Transparent components(TTF ’s, solar cells) 3 rd generation post-2015 transparent systems Post matrix LCD”S Solar cells Transparent back planes & display panels UV sensors & images Transparent solar cells Transparent cmo’s Funtional window planels