LOGO Unit 1 Learning a Foreign Language

LOGO Contents Related Background Information & lead-in question 1 Text Understanding & Structure Analysis 2 Language Enrichment 3 Writing & Reading skills 4

LOGO Related Information

LOGO  1. Education System in U.S. --primary/elementary school --junior middle school --senior middle school --college/university (undergraduate education) --Bachelor’s Degree --graduate/ postgraduate education --M.D. (medical doctors)/ Ph.D. (doctors of philosophy)

LOGO 2. Online learning  e-learning / computer-enhanced learning  A form of distance education that makes use of the Internet.  advantages: 1) flexibility 2)convenience 3)variety 4)the ability to work at your own pace

LOGO Purchase Send Communicate with others Search information needed Do business Learning What can we do on internet?

LOGO 3. Knowledge Broadening Commonly Used Words and Expressions for Internet & Computer

LOGO 网上冲浪 下载 电子邮件 电子商务 信息时代 网站 信息高速路 网络 net-surfing downloading E-business information age website information expressway network Related Information

LOGO the World Wide Web log on to the Internet web browser pull-down menu search engine dial-up connection main page CD=compact disk 万维网 (WWW) 登录上网 网络浏览器 下拉菜单 搜索引擎 拨号上网 主页 光盘 Related Information

LOGO keyboard mouse disc drive earphone screen monitor Personal Computer (PC) Related Information

LOGO portable computer / laptop Related Information

LOGO printer scanner projector digital video camera digital camera Related Information

LOGO Lead-in Questions

LOGO Kind Strict Righteous Wise

LOGO 1.What made the author’s English learning in junior middle school very successful? The kind and patient teacher and her positive method of praising all students often. Answer the following questions.

LOGO 2. In what way is the author’s experience with English in junior middle school similar to his experience in college? In what way are they different from each other? In college and junior middle school, his English teachers were both patient and kind, but he didn’t have as many chances to answer questions in college as he did in junior middle school.

LOGO 3. Judging from the sixth paragraph, what is basic to online English learning? It requires much time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.

LOGO 4. Why wouldn’t the author trade his experience in learning a foreign language for anything else? Learning a foreign language taught him the value of hard work and gave him insights into another culture. 5. According to the last paragraph, what interests the author most about English? He could communicate with many more people than before.

LOGO While-reading Activities Text structure analysis

LOGO Conclusion Conclusion (para.8): English learning is rewarding although it is a most trying experience. Introduction Introduction (Para.1) Learning a foreign language is frustrating, but it is well worth the effort. Text Structure Development Development (Para. 2-7) The author presents the reader with his own language learning experiences for different stages, from junior middle school to online learning.

LOGO Structure Analysis The way to develop paragraphs: cause and effect The cause and effect technique can make clear the reasons why something happens by showing the relation between cause and effect.

LOGO List the cause and effect of Paras. 2, 3, and 4.

LOGO The kind and patient teacher often praised the students. Cause: Effect: I eagerly answered questions, not worrying about making mistakes. I was at the top of my class. Para. 2

LOGO Cause: Effect: I lost my eagerness to answer questions and my desire to say anything in English. The new teacher quickly punished those who gave wrong answers. Para. 3

LOGO Effect: I was afraid to speak. My English seemed to stay at the same level. Large classes made me only able to answer a couple of questions in each class period. Many students spoke much better than I did. Cause: Para. 4

LOGO Words and Expressions

LOGO  IV. Words and Expressions 1. ~~~is the most difficult yet most rewarding experience of my life. (P1) ~~ 是我一生中最艰苦也最有意义的经历。

LOGO rewarding a. worth doing, satisfying  e.g. Teaching can be a very rewarding career.  What job do you think is the most rewarding one?  reward v. n. reward sb. with sth.  用 ···· 回报 ·····

LOGO 2. Although at times ~~ is frustrating, it is well worth the effort.(P1)  虽然 ··· 时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。  frustrate v. cause the failure; cause sb. to feel disappointed 使沮丧；使受挫  恶劣的天气使我们的计划受挫。  The bad weather frustrated our plan.  She was deeply frustrated by the criticism.  frustrated a.( 指人） frustrating a.( 指物）  frustration n.

LOGO  be well worth sth.\ doing sth.: be rewarding enough for the time or effort  值得... 的  Eg: Mr.Smith's report about the environment is well worth notice\reading.  He has decided to have a look at the house for it is well worth buying.

LOGO 3. I was at the top of my class for two years. (line8)  at the top of: the best within a group ; the most important in an order  e.g. The team is at the top of the football league.  We have a lot of things to do, but packing is at the top of the list.  top student 尖子生

LOGO 4. While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. (Line11) While…, 而 ……, PracticeNote: “While” is used to show contrast.

LOGO Translation 我喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。 大部分同学期待上网学习英语，而有些同学根本 不想上。 I drink black coffee while he prefers cream in his coffee. While most students look forward to learning English online, some cannot bear the thought. Notes to the Text—Focus Study

LOGO 5. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions but I also lost my desire to say anything at all in English. More With “not only” or “only” placed at the beginning of a sentence, its order should be inverted ( 倒装 ). Notes to the Text—Focus Study

LOGO neither/little/only/hardly seldom neither/not… nor not until under no circumstances no sooner... than... scarcely (hardly)... when... Practice More expressions Notes to the Text—Focus Study

LOGO 6. The situation was far from perfect.(line21) far from: not … at all; rather than  e.g. The conflicts between the two countries are far from over.  Her answer is far from satisfactory.  离远情疏  Far from eye, far from heart.

LOGO 7. I soon got access to~~, participated in the virtual classroom ~~.(L29) access n. way of entering; right of using have/gain/get/obtain access to: have the right to have or use sth. 有权使用；得以接近 e.g. 市民可以自由使用图书馆。 Citizens have free access to the library. virtual community/life 虚拟社区 / 生活

LOGO 8. Once in a while I cried out of frustration, ~~~ I felt like giving up.(L38)  once in a while 偶尔；有时  feel like (doing) sth.: want sth.; want to do sth.  e.g. I don’t feel like calling.  I feel like celebrating tonight.

LOGO 9. come across: meet by chance (L42)  他是我碰到过的最直率的青年。  He is the most direct young man I’ve ever come across.  我们应该试着去猜测在阅读中所遇到的生词的意 思。  We should try to figure out the meaning of the new words that we might come across in our reading.

LOGO I had finally reaped the benefits of all my hard work.(L45) reap the benefit(s) of : get sth. as a reward e.g. He reaps the benefits of other’s research. reap the benefit/reward/profit/fruit of As you sow, so shall you reap. （谚语） 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

LOGO 11.~~ a most trying experience~~ I wouldn’t trade for anything.(L47)  ~~ 是非常艰辛的经历，但却无比珍贵。  trying a.: difficult; hard  trade for: exchange for 用 ··· 换 ···  e.g. I wouldn’t trade my tickets for yours.

LOGO Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. (L55) Now that..., 由于／既然 …… stare into space 茫然不解 Practice

LOGO Now that you’ve passed your driving test, you can drive on your own. 你驾驶考试既已合格，就可以独自开车了。 既然已经接到邀请参加婚礼，你最好准时去。Translation Now that you are invited to take part in the wedding ceremony, you’d better go on time.

LOGO 13.I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and …(L57) reach out to: communicate with reach out for: try to get bridge the gap between: close the distance between e.g. Learning a foreign language helps us bridge the gap between two different cultures.

LOGO Chinese to English 值得 …… 的 积极的方法 前一任老师 遇到生词 网络课程 虚拟课堂 课程进度 得到好处 茫然不解 参与  well worth the effort  positive method  former teacher  come across new words  online course  virtual classroom  the flow of the course  reap the benefits of  stare into space  participate in Words and Expressions—C to E

LOGO Matching Game __ medium __ screen __ gap __ virtual __ modem a. the flat part of a computer b. one of the necessities for getting online c. a way of giving information d. a space between two objects a c d e b e. created by the computer to be similar to the experience of real life

LOGO a. effective, helpful b. a good chance c. give in return d. exchange ideas e. take part in f. the smallest g. right of reaching h. self-control ___ communicate ___ participate in ___ positive ___ opportunity ___ reward ___ minimum ___ discipline ___ access a h g f e d c b

LOGO Writing

LOGO Writing Pattern Topic Cause Effect 随 笔

LOGO Writing Pattern The paragraph begins with a general statement about what is to be talked about. (Topic) As a conclusion, an effect shows what the cause or causes have produced on the concerned. (Effect) Next comes the major factor or factors that result in the effect as expected. (Cause) 随 笔

LOGO We can identify the relationship between paragraphs as cause & effect. The topic of the paragraph My learning experience in senior middle school is different from before. The Cause While my former teacher had been patient with all students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. Whenever we answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us. The Effect It didn’t take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also…..

LOGO Now have a look at Paragraph 2 ? How the general statement is supported by the means of cause and effect.

LOGO The topic: My learning experience in junior middle school. The cause: I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students. The effect: Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistakes. I was at the top of My class for two years.

LOGO When you explain the reasons why something happens by writing, you are having a cause and effect writing. Read the following passage and tell the cause and effect. Cause and Effect Writing

LOGO Shopping online has many advantages. First, the web-stores can keep customers updated about the best selling products. Second, they can provide customers with a wider range of choices. Third, it is very convenient and time-saving. I enjoy shopping online very much. (cause) Sample (effect)

LOGO Owing to (because of / thanks to) sth.… There are three reasons for this. The reasons for this are as follows... This is due to (results from) several factors. A number of factors could account for… One reason is that… … partly because…, partly because… Many factors that contribute to (lead to/account for)… include… Useful Expressions for Cause Writing—Cause and Effect Writing

LOGO So/Therefore/Consequently/As a result… The effect is evident/obvious. It will have/exert a deep influence (on…). It may cause a sweeping change. It leaves some serious consequences. It may give rise to a host of problems. The immediate result it produces is... Useful Expressions for Effect Writing—Cause and Effect Writing

LOGO Writing exercise Cause - Effect

LOGO Write a paragraph of about 120 words, using the cause-effect patterns. Topic : Job Discrimination Against Women in China

LOGO Reading skills--- figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words  How?--- contextual clues( 语境提示）  What?— 1. definition  2. example  3. synonyms  4. antonyms  5. word stems & affixes  6. general sense