National Child Labour Surveys and Data Collection Issues 1 Challenges and Strategies in Improving Labour Statistics in Africa Tuesday 23 November 2010

WHY DO WE NEED DATA ON CHILD LABOUR? 2 Child labour an increasingly important issue in the global policy debate to assess the nature and extent of child labour to help set targets and priorities in the fight against child labour to increase public awareness to inform policies, programmes and law-making

Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour Programme on Child Labour(SIMPOC) [statistical unit of the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) of ILO] Only programme of the United Nations system focused on child labour statistics focused on child labour statistics Works closely with ILO Department of Statistics 1 IPEC

2 SIMPOC Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour Programme on Child Labour Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour Programme on Child Labour Launched in 1998 Integral part of IPEC Aims at assisting ILO member countries in collecting and generating comprehensive and comparable quantitative and qualitative data on children’s activities

SIMPOC: Guiding Principles 5 Comparability of data over time & countries Diversity of methodological approachesImportance of disseminating findings Cooperation with international organizations Mainstreaming of gender considerations Support to programme interventions Country ownership and sustainability

Support for SIMPOC’s work SIMPOC USA CANADA FRANCE SWEDEN PORTU- GAL NORWAY NETHER- LANDS ITALY  Work of SIMPOC is supported by a large and diversified group of donors.  Total donor allocation to SIMPOC to date close to US$ 50 million. 6

SIMPOC Activity Range Develop and improve methodologies for child labour data collection and analysis Refine indicators to measure the prevalence of child labour Build capacity of partners Provide assistance to member countries in data collection, processing, analysis and dissemination Expand global data repository on child labour and assess trends 7

SIMPOC child labour survey types 8 Household-based surveysEstablishment-based surveys Rapid assessments Baseline surveys

Measuring the dimensions of child labour Minimum data needs for child labour analysis Key child labour indicators Children ’ s activity status by sex, age group, residence and schooling status Distribution of children in employment by industry, sex, and age group Distribution of children in employment by status in employment, sex and age group Percentage of children by per capita expenditure quintiles, sex, and type of activity/ occupation Hours of work and work days per week/month, earnings Details on household chores and other non-economic activities (type/hours) Hazards at workplace for children in employment

SIMPOC child labour survey types 10 Provides national (or regional) estimates of the extent of child labour Identifies causes and consequence of child labour in terms of related socio-economic factors Household- based surveys

SIMPOC child labour survey types 11 Provides national (or regional) estimates of the extent of child labour Identifies causes and consequence of child labour in terms of related socio-economic factors Household- based surveys Approaches from demand side Provides information on working conditions and enterprise/establishmen ts Can use both qualitative and quantitative method or their combination Establishment- based surveys

SIMPOC child labour survey types 12 Qualitative information on worst forms of child labour Particularly useful in sensitive environments Street children surveys School-based surveys Rapid assessments

SIMPOC child labour survey types 13 Uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques Captures initial/existing conditions (“Baseline”) of a situation by measuring variables for the construction of indicators Baseline surveys

SIMPOC surveys in Africa 14 Type of surveysPeriodTotal National Child Labour Survey (NCLS) Base Line Survey (BLS) Rapid Assessment (RA) 2000 – Other

15 NCLS Year (field)Type of surveyTarget ageStatus Benin 2008Stand-alone5 – 17Completed Burkina Faso 2006Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Cameroon 2007Modular5 - 17Completed Côte d ’ Ivoire 2005Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Côte d ’ Ivoire 2008Modular5 - 17Completed Egypt 2010Stand-alone5-17Data processing Ethiopia 2001Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Ghana 2000Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Guinea 2009Stand-alone5 - 17Report stage Kenya 1998/99Modular5 - 17Completed Lesotho 2003Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Liberia 2010Modular5 - 17Report stage Madagascar 2007Stand-alone5 - 17Completed National child labour surveys in Africa,

16 NCLS Year (field)Type of surveyTarget ageStatus Malawi 2002Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Mali 2005Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Namibia 1999Stand-alone6 - 18Completed Niger 2008Stand-alone5 - 17Report stage Nigeria 2000Modular5 - 17Completed Rwanda 2008Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Senegal 2005Stand-alone5 - 17Completed South Africa 1999Stand-alone5 - 17Completed Tanzania 2000Modular5 - 17Completed Togo 2008Stand-alone5 - 17Report stage Uganda2001Modular5 - 17Completed Zambia1999Modular5 - 17Completed Zimbabwe1999Modular5 - 17Completed National child labour surveys in Africa,

National Child Labour Surveys

Sustainabilibity of SIMPOC surveys 18

Countries’ replication of NCLS in Africa 19 CountriesPrevious SIMPOC surveys2 nd CLS, modular SIMPOC contribution Côte d’Ivoire2005 NCLS, stand-alone2008 LSMSTechnical and financial assistance Ethiopia2001 NCLS, stand-alone2005 LFS Ghana2000 NCLS, stand-alone2007 LSMSTechnical assistance Kenya1998/99 NCLS, modular2005 IHBSTechnical assistance Namibia1999 NCLS, stand-alone2005 LFS South Africa1999 NCLS, stand-alone2005 LFS Tanzania2000 NCLS, modular2005 ILFS Uganda2001 NCLS, modular2006 LFSTechnical and financial assistance Zambia1999 NCLS, modular2005 LFS Zimbabwe1999 NCLS, modular2004 ILFS

Key priorities, Regional training course on child-labour data collection through baseline surveys and rapid assessments –Purpose: »Provide training on the development and application of Baseline Surveys and Rapid Assessments »Develop sustained capacities on Baseline Survey and Rapid Assessment implementation in the national statistical offices (NSOs) of countries where ILO-IPEC has operational programmes to combat child labour

Key priorities, Regional training course on child-labour data collection through baseline surveys and rapid assessments –Coverage: »Child Labour: concept and indicators »Baseline Survey: methodology and applications »Rapid Assessment: methodology and applications »Data processing, data management and dissemination

Capacity Building – Regional Workshops VenueDate No. of Partici- pants No. of CountriesList of Countries 1 Saly / Mbour Senegal May Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo 22 Regional training course on child labour data collection through baseline surveys and rapid assessments, Francophone Africa Upcoming training: Anglophone Africa, April 2011

Key priorities, Sustainability of National Child Labour Surveys  national child labour survey – standalone, or as a module to a household based survey  collaborates with global and national partners to create synergies among data-collecting initiatives

SIMPOC NCLs in Africa, CountriesSurvey typesStatus Cape Verde2011 NCLS, stand-alone or modularDiscussion Côte d’Ivoire2008 NCLS, modularCompleted Egypt2010, stand-aloneData processing Guinea2009 NCLS, stand-aloneReport stage Liberia2010 NCLS, modularReport stage Niger2008 NCLS, stand-aloneReport stage Rwanda2008 NCLS, stand-aloneCompleted Sierra Leone2011 NCLS, stand-alonePreparation Togo2010 NCLS, stand-aloneReport stage Uganda2011/12 NCLS, stand-alone or modularDiscussion

Key Challenges 25 Sustainability of NCLS Integration of improved child labour modules in UNICEF-MICS, World Bank-LSMS, WHO- DHS, LFS Support to programme interventions through baseline surveys The new resolution on child labour statistics (technical issues regarding thresholds and combined economic activities and unpaid household services) Methodologies to estimate the magnitude and distribution of worst forms of child labour other than hazardous work (e.g. CSEC, trafficking of children, forced & bonded child labour, and use of children in armed conflict & for illicit activities)