Warm- Up 2/3/16 Name 3 physical features of Sub-Saharan Africa. (ex. The name of a lake, a river, and a mountain) ANSWER: EX. Lake Tanganyika, The Congo.

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Warm- Up 2/3/16 Name 3 physical features of Sub-Saharan Africa. (ex. The name of a lake, a river, and a mountain) ANSWER: EX. Lake Tanganyika, The Congo River, and Mount Kilimanjaro *ANSWERS CAN VARY*

The Climate & Vegetation of Sub- Saharan Africa

Standard  SSWG4 The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa.  a. Describe the location of major physical features and their impact on Sub-Saharan Africa.  b. Describe the major climates of Sub-Saharan Africa and how they have affected the development of Sub-Saharan Africa.

Tropical Climates

Tropical Zone  Tropics - Africa has largest tropical area of any continent - 90% of Africa lies between tropics of Cancer & Capricorn - High temperatures year around

Rain Forest  The major rain forests of Africa sit on the equator in the area of the Congo Basin  One square acre of rain forest can contain almost 100 different kinds of trees  Because the canopy (upper layer of branches) is so thick with plants, leaves, and trees, the air below the canopy is so hot and humid that vegetation quickly decomposes

Savanna  Covers almost half of continent  Seasonal rainfall with alternating wet and dry seasons  Wettest areas are close to the Equator.  6 months of daily rain, 6 months of dry season.  Average rainfall is about 35 to 45 inches

Serengeti Plain  Tropical Grassland  Northern Tanzania  It’s dry climate and hard soil prevent the growth of trees and many crops, but they are perfect for growing grass  It is the place where the largest numbers of land mammals still make annual migrations

Dry Climates

Steppe  Separates the savanna from the desert.  Extends to the southern tip of the continent

Sahel  A narrow band of dry grassland that runs east to west along the southern edge of the Sahara  People use the land for farming and herding

Kalahari Desert  Located in Southern Africa  Does receive small amounts of rainfall  Temperatures in the summer are very hot (120 degrees to 50 degrees)