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Chapter Menu Introduction Section 1: Section 1: The Land Section 2: Section 2: Climate and Vegetation Visual Summary

Chapter Intro 1 East Asia is a region of contrasts —from towering mountains in the west to fertile plains in the east, from subarctic forests in the north to tropical rain forests in the south. A study of the physical geography of East Asia will explain how geographic factors, such as latitude, and certain physical processes, such as shifting tectonic plates, have shaped and continue to shape the landforms, climates, and vegetation of this region.

Chapter Intro 2 Section 1: The Land Physical processes shape Earth’s surface. East Asia’s location at the meeting point of multiple tectonic plates leaves the region vulnerable to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and ocean flooding.

Chapter Intro 3 Section 2: Climate and Vegetation The physical environment affects people and their activities. Latitude, physical features, and seasonal wind patterns shape East Asia’s climates and affect how people live in diverse landscapes.

Chapter Preview-End

Section 1-GTR The Land East Asia’s location at the meeting point of tectonic plates leaves the region vulnerable to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and ocean flooding.

Section 1-GTR tsunami The Land loess layer archipelago dramatic range

Section 1-GTR A.Korean Peninsula The Land B.South China Sea C.Pamirs D.Himalaya E.Plateau of Tibet F.Northeast Plain G.North China Plain H.Taklimakan Desert I.Gobi J.Huang He (Yellow River) K.Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) L.Xi

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 Why is Japan vulnerable to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and ocean flooding? A.Numerous cyclones B.Tectonic plate activity C.Many islands and seas The Land

Section 1 Tectonic plate movements along the Ring of Fire leave East Asia vulnerable to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and ocean flooding. Landforms The Ring of Fire—zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions bordering the Pacific Ocean East Asia: Earthquakes

Section 1 Peninsulas, Islands, and Seas: –The Korean Peninsula –Sea of Japan –Yellow Sea –East China Sea and South China Sea –Sea of Okhotsk –Philippine Sea –Archipelago of Japan Landforms (cont.)

Section 1 Landforms (cont.) Mountains, Highlands, and Lowlands: –Kunlun Shan and Tian Shan –Altay Shan –Himalaya –Qinling Shandi –Changbai Shan

Section 1 Landforms (cont.) –Mount Fuji –Plateau of Tibet –Mongolian Plateau –Northeast Plain –North China Plain –Tarim Basin –Taklimakan Desert –Gobi The Gobi

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 Which mountain is an important spiritual symbol to Japan’s people? A.Altay Shan B.Mount Fuji C.Changbai Shan D.Tian Shan

Section 1 Landforms and physical processes have shaped East Asia’s rivers, which provide transportation, water, and rich mineral deposits for fertile soils. Water Systems China’s rivers: –Huang He –Chang Jiang—Asia’s longest river

Section 1 Water Systems (cont.) –Xi –China’s Grand Canal

Section 1 Water Systems (cont.) Japan and Korea—short and swift rivers: –Shinano –Tone –Han –Yalu

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 Which river is the most important in southern China? A.Huang He B.Chang Jiang C.Xi D.Grand Canal

Section 1 Mineral resources are abundant in East Asia, but they are unevenly distributed. Natural Resources China contains the greatest share and widest range of minerals. China is the world’s leading producer of rice.

Section 1 Natural Resources (cont.) Seafood farming has become a major industry in several countries. Agricultural Income as a Percentage of GDP

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 1 How much of South Korea’s land is suitable for farming? A.10% B.20% C.25% D.40%

Section 1-End

Section 2-GTR Climate Regions Latitude, physical features, and seasonal wind patterns shape East Asia’s climates and affect how people live in diverse landscapes.

Section 2-GTR monsoon Climate Regions typhoon significant Japan CurrentJapan Current variation interaction

Section 2-GTR A.Taiwan Climate Regions B.Hainan

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 Which type of vegetation covers most of East Asia? A.Tropical rain forest B.Temperature grassland C.Mixed forest D.Desert scrub and desert waste Climate Regions

Section 2 East Asia’s natural vegetation tends to parallel the region’s climate zones, which are influenced by latitude and physical features. Climate Regions Midlatitude climates: –Humid subtropical –Humid continental East Asia: Climate

Section 2 Climate Regions (cont.) Important plants: –Bamboo –Mulberry tree –Tea bush East Asia: Natural Vegetation

Section 2 Climate Regions (cont.) Dry climates: –Desert—Gobi and Taklimakan –Steppe

Section 2 Climate Regions (cont.) Tropical climates: –Tropical wet—Hainan –Tropical dry

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 2 Most of Mongolia consists of which type of climate? A.Humid continental B.Steppe C.Tropical wet D.Desert

Section 2 Prevailing winds and ocean currents influence East Asia’s climates. Seasonal Weather Patterns Influences on the climate: –Monsoons –Ocean currents—Japan Current, Kuril Current –Warm, humid air over the tropical ocean results in typhoons.

A.A B.B Section 2 Which ocean current is warm? A.Japan Current B.Kuril Current

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VS 1 A. Mountains Mountain ranges fan out from Pamirs, including Kunlun Shan and Tian Shan. Altay Shan form a natural border between China and Mongolia. Himalaya, the world’s highest mountains, separate China from South Asia.

VS 2 B. Deserts Taklimakan Desert lies in far western China; has large oil deposits Gobi is located in southern Mongolia and north-central China.

VS 3 C. Korean Peninsula Juts southeast from China’s Northeast Plain Separates the Sea of Japan from the Yellow Sea; characterized by midlatitude climates Home to North Korea and South Korea

VS 4 D. Plateaus and Plains Plateau of Tibet in southwest China; East Asia’s highest plateau region; headwaters of China’s major rivers North China Plain is an important agricultural area between Huang He and Chang Jiang.

VS 5 E. Japanese Archipelago Four large, mountainous islands and thousands of smaller ones Created by tectonic activity; Mount Fuji is a dormant volcano on island of Honshu.

VS 6 F. Huang He Also known as Yellow River; located in northern China Carries tons of loess blown by winds from the western deserts Makes North China Plain a major wheat and soybean farming area

VS 7 G. Ring of Fire Pacific, Philippine, and Eurasian tectonic plates meet in this region. Volcanoes bordering Pacific Ocean Most mountainous islands in the region created through tectonic activity. Underwater earthquakes generate tsunamis

VS 8 H. Chang Jiang Also known as Yangtze River; located in central China Asia’s longest river; meets Pacific at Shanghai Important transportation route; Three Gorges Dam constructed

VS 9 I. Xi Also known as West River; southern China’s most important river system Soil deposits near Guangzhou and Macau form fertile delta.

VS-End

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DFS Trans 2 Chengdu

Vocab1 tsunami Japanese term used for a huge sea wave caused by an undersea earthquake

Vocab2 archipelago a group or chain of islands

Vocab3 loess (LEHS) fine, yellowish-brown topsoil made up of particles of silt and clay, usually carried by the wind

Vocab4 monsoon in Asia, seasonal wind that brings warm, moist air from the oceans in summer and cold, dry air from inland in winter

Vocab5 Japan Current a warm-water ocean current that adds moisture to the winter monsoons

Vocab6 typhoon a violent tropical storm that forms in the Pacific Ocean, usually in late summer

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