CBD Characteristics You will need to be able to describe and where appropriate explain the main characteristics of the CBD. Where possible always try and give examples related to areas you know

Central Business District The land in urban areas is used for many different purposes: Leisure and recreation may include open land, e.g. parks or built facilities such as sports centres Residential - the building of houses and flats. ･ Transport - road and rail networks, stations and airports Business and commerce - the building of offices, shops and banks. ･ Industry - factories, warehouses and small production centres The Central Business District (CBD) in the city centre is where most business and commerce is located.

The CBD is easily identified by the following features: high/multi-storey buildings. expensive land values ･ multi-storey car parks shops are department stores (comparison shops) or specialist shops, like jewellers ･ Most accessible, major transport links cultural/historical buildings, museums and castles ･ offices, finance, banks, administration, town hall (business sector) bus and railway stations (transport centres) Few people live there.

The CBD is located in the centre because it is: a central location for road/railways to converge the most accessible location for workers accessible to most people for shops and businesses

York CBD The main characteristics of the CBD are as follows: It forms the Old Core - often with a complex historic street pattern. It is very accessible with many routes converging here. Public Transport is often based close by, on the edge of the CBD with rail and bus stations and taxi ranks. High numbers of pedestrians during the day - two daily rush hours High land values National Chain Stores - those at the top of the shopping hierarchy i.e. department stores that can afford the high land values. Tall buildings (build up rather than out due to high land values) Local Government Buildings e.g. Town Hall, Library, Council Offices. Specialist services - including financial services, e.g. banks, building societies etc. Entertainment Centre - theatres, cinemas, museums. Little Industry

Transition Zone

Inner City

Reasons for Suburban Growth 1. Better public transport and increased car ownership meant people could separate work from where they live. 2. Building societies provided mortgages making it easier to buy homes 3. People were better off and looking for a better living environment.