PHOTOGRAPH – 1936 The text on the blackboard reads: "The Jews are our greatest enemy! Beware of Jews."

Learning Objectives To understand how the Nazis persecuted minority groups.

Whole Burnt HOLOCAUST SHOAH

Persecution of the Jews There were only 500,000 in Germany. Hitler blamed the Jews for –Treaty of Versailles –Inflation 1923 –Economic collapse

Persecution of the Jews Unsuccessful boycott of Jewish shops Jews excluded from Government jobs (with the exception of WW1 veterans) Jews forced out of other jobs. e.g. Law, dentistry, journalism, teaching and farming Jews banned from public places.

Persecution of the Jews The Nuremberg Laws 15 September 1 - The Reich Law on Citizenship - only those of German blood can be citizens, and have the right to vote. 2- Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour - forbids marriage or sexual relations between Jews and German citizens

Persecution of the Jews –More professional activity of Jews is banned or restricted – e.g. being a vet or pharmacist –1938 Qualifications of Jewish doctors are cancelled

Persecution of the Jews Kristallnacht 9th November –Following the murder of a German diplomat in Paris by a Jew a campaign is started which last 3 days and targets Jewish shops, homes and synagogues. Around 100 killed 30, 000 arrested and sent to concentration camps –Jewish children excluded form schools and Universities.

Persecution of the Jews Jews no longer allowed to run businesses and shops. -Forbidden to own radios and to buy cakes and chocolate – All Jews made to wear the Star of David Jews deported from Germany Jews in occupied territories moved into ghettos and used as slave labour. Special SS groups formed to deal with the Jews. Gassing in vans starts.

Persecution of the Jews The Wannsee Conference Jan 1942 Decision taken by Nazi leaders, led by Heydrich, to meet to discuss the Final Solution Decided to evacuate all Jews to extermination camps in Poland is taken Over 4.5 million Jews killed in death camps

Persecution of minorities Homosexuals, Gypsies (Sinti and Roma) and other undesirables sent to concentration camps Mentally ill sent to concentration camps The Euthanasia programme, triggered by the Knauer Case began in late 1939 –people judged worthless to the regime were killed. –Needed beds for soldiers –5,200 children over 70,000 adults –Stopped in 1941 after protest from the Catholic Church –Forced Sterilisation (Law for the Prevention of Hereditary and Defective Offspring) 1933 programme to prevent contamination of the Aryan race.

Year Increase in persecution