A property that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance/matter.

Physical Properties Observations Using your Senses: Color, Shape, Size, Odor, Texture, Length States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma

Luster – the ability to shine EX: Silver is shiny Lusterous Dull Malleability - the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet EX: Aluminum and clay are malleable Ductility - the ability to be stretched into a wire EX: Copper is ductile Physical Properties

Mass - the amount of matter in something (grams) Volume - the amount of space something occupies (mL, cm 3 ) Density – mass per unit volume (g/mL, g/cm 3 )

Physical Properties Solubility - the ability to dissolve EX: Sugar dissolves in water Conductivity – the rate at which a substance transfers thermal energy/heat, electricity EX: Metals are good conductors

Physical Properties Melting Point Temperature at which a substance melts EX: Chocolate melts at 36 degrees Celsius Boiling Point Temperature at which a substance boils EX: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius Freezing Point Temperature at which a substance freezes EX: Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius

The ability of a substance to lose its original identity and change into one or more new substances. It describes the potential for any changes to occur.

FLAMMABILITY The ability of a substance to catch on fire. EX: Hairspray is highly flammable.

REACTIVITY The ability of a substance to react with another substance. Substances react with other substances in different ways. For example, zinc does not react with water but it does react with acid.

Examples of Reactivity 1. Rusting- the reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of air moisture 2.Tarnishing- to dull the luster of a substance; discolor, especially by exposure to air or dirt. 2.Corrosiveness- The tendency of a metal to wear away another by chemical attack.

TOXICITY The ability of a substance to harm something else EX: A snake’s venom is toxic to humans.