Histology and Embryology 组织学与胚胎学 Department of Histology and embryology Three Gorges University, Yichang, China

Histology is the branch of anatomy that studies tissues of animals and plant.We just talk about, however, discusses only animal and more specially human tissue.

In its broader aspect, the word histology is used as if it were a synonym for microscopic anatomy,because its subject matter encompasses not only the microscope structure of tissues but also that of the cells,organs, and organ systems.

cell tissue organ system The human body

Cell is a basic unit of human body.It include cell membrane,nucleus and cytoplasm. Tissue are aggregates or groups of cells organized to perform one or more specific functions. It is composed of cells, extracellullar matrix and fluid substance, extracellular fluid (tissue fluid),which bathes these components.

Organ and system: organs is composed of four tissues, and perform specific function. Several organs which have some same function assemble to a system.

Histology is the study of cells,tissues and organs as seen with a microscope.

The subject of histology no longer deals with merely the structure of the body; it also deals with its function.

Microscopes and Techniques: Histology is the study of body tissue and cells, their constituents cells cannot be seen with the naked eye so the primary tool used to study them is the microscope.

it produce enlarged images of cells and enhances contrast for resolving details of several kinds of microscope, two major ones are light and electron microscope.

Main step of making slides: Fixation Dehydration Embedding Section Staining :H-E stain

EM: Microstructure organlelles

Fluorescence microscope ：

Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry

Why should we study histology? In fact, histology has a direct relationship to other disciplines and is essential for their understanding.

It is the bases of other subject in medicine. It intertwines the disciplines of cell biology, biochemistry, physiology,and as appropriate, pathology. Students will recognize the importance of this subject as they refer to the text later in your careers.

How to study Histology

Basic Tissue

The four basic tissue Epithelium 上皮组织 Connective tissue 结缔组织 Muscle tissue 肌组织 Nervous tissue 神经组织

Connective tissue,which underlies or supports the other three basic tissues, both structurally and functionally. Epithelium (epithelial tissue), which covers body surfaces,lines body cavities, and forms gland.

Never tissue, which receives, transmits, and integrates information from outside and inside the body to control the activities of the body. Muscle tissue, which is made up of contractile cells and is responsible for movement.