Civil War Events APUSH Chapters 20 & 21 Essential Question: How did President Lincoln increase the Power of the presidency in order to win the Civil War?

Emancipation Proclamation Issued on by Lincoln. Although opposed to slavery, Lincoln did not think the gov’t had the power to abolish it Issued on by Lincoln. Although opposed to slavery, Lincoln did not think the gov’t had the power to abolish it After what battle does Lincoln issue this proclamation? Antietam Overtime Lincoln saw that he could not save the Union without ending slavery. Overtime Lincoln saw that he could not save the Union without ending slavery. How did Lincoln authorize the freeing of slaves? Seizing enemy “property” The Proclamation did not free any slaves immediately b/c it applied only to slaves in the CSA. It made the war into a struggle to free slaves The Proclamation did not free any slaves immediately b/c it applied only to slaves in the CSA. It made the war into a struggle to free slaves

The Progress of War:

Gettysburg Address A. Given by President Lincoln on at Gettysburg, PA four months after the battle of Gettysburg B. Civil War not only a struggle to save the Union but also to protect freedom of all citizens C. “The United States are” vs. “The United States is”

Suspension of Habeas Corpus Habeas Corpus: Prisoner must be brought into court to determine why they are being detained – can’t be held in jail without going before a judge Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus to discourage disloyalty in the North Lincoln suspends Habeas Corpus to discourage disloyalty in the North 13,000 CSA sympathizers are put in jail without trial in the North Most people were quickly released, Lincoln often ignored the heavy protest of the Supreme Court and general public Most people were quickly released, Lincoln often ignored the heavy protest of the Supreme Court and general public How does this action increase Lincoln’s power as President during the Civil War?

Great Britain & The Civil War Why does Britain need cotton from the South? Why does Britain need cotton from the South? A. Recognition by Britain would give the CSA legitimacy. Also, the CSA could expect Britain to help break the Union naval blockade B. Why didn’t the South receive recognition from Britain?

Trent Affair Trent Affair Two CSA diplomats on a British ship are detained by a Union vessel off the Coast of Cuba Two CSA diplomats on a British ship are detained by a Union vessel off the Coast of Cuba British reaction? British reaction? Union reaction? Union reaction? Alabama Alabama Commerce raids against Union ships around the world Commerce raids against Union ships around the world Built in Britain with a British crew had CSA officers on board Built in Britain with a British crew had CSA officers on board “One war at a time”

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863 Union’s biggest advantage over CSA? Union’s biggest advantage over CSA? Draft initiated to tap into large Union population Draft initiated to tap into large Union population Results of drafting Irish immigrants in NYC? Results of drafting Irish immigrants in NYC? Draft Riot of 1863 Draft Riot of 1863

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863 )

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

“Rich man’s war, poor man’s fight” How much $$$ to avoid being drafted in the North? How much $$$ to avoid being drafted in the North? Who could claim exemption in CSA? Who could claim exemption in CSA? People who owned > 20 slaves People who owned > 20 slaves CSA conscription agents rob both “cradle and the grave” – eligible for draft if b/w ages of 17 to 50 CSA conscription agents rob both “cradle and the grave” – eligible for draft if b/w ages of 17 to 50

The Peace Movement: Copperheads Extreme faction of the Peace Democrats Extreme faction of the Peace Democrats Openly obstruct Union war effort Openly obstruct Union war effort Vallandigham exiled to the CSA made his way to Canada and speaks out against the war Vallandigham exiled to the CSA made his way to Canada and speaks out against the war Strong support in Southern OH, IN,IL Strong support in Southern OH, IN,IL Personal attacks on Lincoln, attacks on the draft & emancipation Personal attacks on Lincoln, attacks on the draft & emancipation Clement Vallandigham

Presidential Election of 1864 A. George McClellan vs. Abe Lincoln B. War drags on for the North, many people want to give up – A new Union President will pull the North out of the war. C. How did Sherman’s capture of Atlanta ensured Lincoln’s reelection? George McClellan Abe Lincoln

Division of Union Political Parties Presidential Election of 1864 showing popular vote by county

Presidential Election Results: 1864

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address MARCH 4, 1865 “With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.” What was President Lincoln asking the nation to do? Heal and reunite as one country

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address

13 th Amendment A. Ratified (approved) in 1865 B. Officially abolishes all forms of slavery in the United States What document did not totally ban slavery in the U.S.? Did former slaves enjoy full freedom and equal treatment immediately?