Roman Art and Catholic Reform William Hood Brick Presbyterian Church New York City January 24 & 31, Churches and Church Reform: Art and the Interior Life:

Art and the Interior Life Giotto, ca1310, Assisi, Upper Basilica Barocci, c 1575, Urbino, Church of the Capuchins

Three Contemporary Reformers John Calvin ( ) Ignatius of Loyola ( ) Philip Neri ( )

Ignatius of Loyola

G.B. Gaulli Glorification of the Name of Jesus

Japanese (Kobe) St Francis Xavier Gaulli, Death of St Francis Xavier, 1675

"I saw an angel beside me toward the left side, in bodily form. He was not very large, but small, very beautiful, his face so blazing with light that he seemed to be one of the very highest angels, who appear all on fire. They must be those they call Cherubim...I saw in his hands a long dart of gold, and at the end of the iron there seemed to me to be a little fire. This I thought he thrust through my heart several times, and that it reached my very entrails. As he withdrew it, I thought it brought them with it, and left me all burning with a great of love God. So great was the pain, that it made me give those moans; and so utter the sweetness that this sharpest of pains gave me, that there was no wanting it to stop, nor is there any contenting of the soul with less than God.” Teresa of Avila, Life, Ch. 19

Gianlorenzo Bernini St Teresa of Avila in Ecstasy Rome, Santa Maria della Vittoria

Three Contemporary Reformers John Calvin ( ) Ignatius of Loyola ( ) Philip Neri ( )

“Awakenings” in English John Donne George Herbert George Fox John Wesley

“Awakenings” in the United States First Great Awakening in the 1730s Second Great Awakening in the 1840s

“Awakenings” in the United States Third Great Awakening, Contemporary Charismatic Prayer Meeting