Motion and Forces Chapter 5: Matter in Motion Chapter 6: Forces and Motion

I. Measuring Motion A. Scientific Revolution 1.Age of Enlightenment (16 th – 18 th Centuries) 2.Still Focused on Aristotle’s Work on Arrangement of Solar System (Earth in the middle) 3.Copernicus, Galileo and Descartes propose that sun is center and create mechanical models to support the idea 4.Sir Isaac Newton:( ) works on mathematical models to explain motion and force 5.Newton video clipNewton

II. Measuring Motion A.How is Motion Measured? 1.Reference Point a) Why? How? Reference Point influences perception of motion. Reference Pt 1 Reference Pt 2

B. Speed and Velocity 1. Speed is how fast an object is going with respect to an object. 2.Velocity is a measure of the speed in a given direction. EX: The top speed of an airplane is 500kmh. But its velocity is 500kmh in a northeast direction.

C. Measuring Speed and Velocity In order to determine how fast an object is traveling, you measure the time it takes for the object to cover a certain distance. D = vt D is the distance V is the speed or velocity T is the time covered

D=vt Examples If a car traveled 120 miles in 2 hours, its average speed would be distance traveled divided by time (120miles/2hours=60mph) Re-state as a VELOCITY statement.

D. Acceleration Acceleration is the increase of velocity over a period of time. Deceleration is the decrease on velocity over time. As you start running, you accelerate until you reach a constant speed. Acceleration is measured by the change in velocity divided by the time for the change. A = (V 2 -V 1 ) / (T 2 -T 1 ) G-Force Parachute Jump

Circular Motion: Centripetal Acceleration An object in continuous acceleration (spinning). Remember: Acceleration is defined as a change in velocity, therefore, circular motion is in constant acceleration. Demonstrations – Water – Balloon?

Your Turn Due 3/7/2016 Complete Section Review for Chapter 5, Section 1