CHAPTER 3 People and Ideas on the Move (2000B.C.-250B.C.)

2 Indo-Europeans A group of semi-nomadic, peoples who, about 1700B.C. began to migrate from what is now Russia to the Indian subcontinent, Europe, and Asia

3 Steppes Dry, Grass covered plains

4 Migration The act of moving form one place to settle in another

5 Hittites An indo-European people who settled in Anatolia around 2000B.C.

6 Anatolia The southwest Asian peninsula now occupied by the Asian part of TURKEY- also called ASIA MINOR

7 Aryans 1.An Indo-European people who about 1500B.C. began to migrate into the Indian subcontinent. 2. To the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a “master race.”

8 Brahmin In Aryan society, a member of a social class made up of priests

9 caste One of the 4 classes of people in this social system of the Aryans who settled in India- priests, warriors, peasants or traders, and non- Aryans laborers or caftsmen.

10 Enlightenment MEANS WISDOM

11 Vedas Four collections of sacred writings produced by the Aryans during an early stage of their settlement in India.

12 MAHABHARATA A great Indian epic poem, reflecting the struggles of the Aryans as they moved south into India.

13 Karma In Hinduism and Buddhism, the totality of the good and bad deeds performed by a person, which is believed to determine his or her fate after rebirth.

14 Jainism A religion founded in India in the 6th century B.C., whose members believe that everything in the universe has a soul and should not be harmed.

15 Siddhartha Gautama The founder of Buddhism; He became the enlightened one.

16 Nirvana In Buddhism, the release form pain and suffering, achieved after enlightenment.

17 Minoans A seafaring and trading people that lived on the island of Crete from about 2000B.C.-1400B.C.

18 Aegean Sea Minoans lived on the island Crete, which is in this sea.

19 Knossos The Minoan capital city

20 King Minos The civilization found in Crete called Minoa was named after this king.

21 Phoenicians About 1100B.C., after the Crete’s decline, the most powerful traders among the Mediterranean were ___________.

22 Palestine The Phoenicians lived in a region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea that was later called____________.

23 Canaan This was the ancient home of the Hebrews, later called Jews.

24 Torah Most of what we know about the early history of the Hebrews is contained in the first 5 books of the Hebrew bible. Jews call these books the __________. Christians respect them as part of the Old Testament.

25 Abraham In the Torah, God chose this person to be the “father” of the Hebrew people. God made a promise to this person.

26 Monotheism The belief in one god

27 Covenant A mutual promise between 2 parties. God has Abraham had this between them.

28 Moses The person who brought the Hebrews out of slavery under the Egytians

29 Judaism The religion of the Jews

30 Israel A kingdom of the united Hebrews in Palestine, lasting from about B.C.; later, the northern most of the 2 Hebrew kingdoms; now, the Jewish nation that has established in Palestine in 1948.

31 Judah A Hebrew kingdom in Palestine, established around 922B.C. South of Israel; Created after King Solomon’s death

32 Tribute Peace money paid by a weaker power to a stronger power Judah and Israel both paid this to Assyria.