The Heart & The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System is the body’s transportation system.

Q: What role does the circulatory system play in humans/animals? A: The Circulatory System transports the needed materials of oxygen and nutrients to each of the body’s cells and takes away carbon dioxide and other cell waste, so that a body may get rid of the things it does not need. Q: What are the main body organs/parts of the circulatory system? Heart Blood Vessels Blood

The blood vessels are tubes that carry blood through the body. They are like roads for blood cells to travel. Q: What are the three kinds of blood vessels? ACV 1. Arteries – Blood vessels that carry blood, with lots of oxygen (oxygen-rich), away from the heart to other parts of the body. 2. Capillaries – The smallest kind of blood vessels with very thin walls so that gases can pass through these into, and out of the body’s cells. 3. Veins - Blood vessels (with valves) that carry blood back to the heart.

Q: What exactly happens in capillaries? A: In the capillaries, an exchange happens with the body's cells where oxygen and nutrients move out from it to the cells and carbon dioxide (and other cell waste) enters it. FACT: There are capillaries next to just about every cell in your body. Q: What materials move between capillaries and cells? A: nutrients, oxygen, and cell waste

Q: What are the needed materials that the circulatory system transports to the cells? The circulatory system takes nutrients digested by the digestive system and transports it to the cell. The circulatory system takes oxygen brought in by the respiratory system and transports it to the cell.

Q: What are the 2 types of cell waste that the circulatory system takes away so that the body can get rid of it? carbon dioxide is taken away from cells by the circulatory system so that the respiratory system can get rid of it. ammonia is taken away from cells by the circulatory system so that the excretory system (urinary system) system can get rid of it (as urine).

Q: What path does blood take after being pumped from the heart to the body cells? A: Blood moves from the heart through arteries to capillaries and return through veins. Arteries HEART Veins Capillaries

Q: What is blood made up of? a solid & a liquid part * Platelets - helps with clotting when there's a cut and with repairing damaged blood vessels * White Blood Cells - fights infection * Red Blood Cells - help carry oxygen in the blood “Plasma” is mostly water. This also is where nutrients & cell waste are carried in the blood

Q: What path does blood follow between the time it returns to the heart from the body and the time it is pumped from the heart to the body? A: Blood travels from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart. It is then pumped to all parts of the body.

Q: How many chambers does the human heart have? A: 4 chambers

Q: Why is the heart considered a double pump? A: It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body. At the same time, it receives blood from the body and send it to the lungs. (the right atrium & ventricle work as one pump, and the left atrium & left ventricle work as another) Q: What is the job of each of the pumps? A: One pump circulates blood between the heart and the lungs. The other circulates blood between the heart and the rest of the body.

Q: Which system does the circulatory system work with to exchange gases in the human body? Which gases are exchanged? A: The Respiratory System. Inside the capillaries of the lungs, oxygen taken in by the lungs (respiratory system) enters the blood and carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the lungs to be later exhaled.

Q: How are the pulmonary veins different from the other veins? A: They carry oxygen-rich blood (but it is still called a vein because it brings blood back to the heart) Q: How are the pulmonary arteries different from the other arteries? A: They do not carry oxygen- rich blood (but it is still called arteries because it carries blood away from the heart)