APES EXAM REVIEW TOPIC #3

 World population = 7.3 BILLION  U.S. population = 320 MILLION  Top 5 most populous countries:  China, India, U.S., Indonesia, Pakistan

b. Exponential Growth (J-curve) a. Linear Growth

1. China 2. India 3. United States 4. Indonesia

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate) Use the number in front of the % - DO NOT change it to a decimal!!!

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate)  Doubling Time = 70 / 2 = 35 years

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate)  Doubling Time = 70 / 2 = 35 years a) = 2047 (year that population will double from 50,000 to 100,000)

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate)  Doubling Time = 70 / 2 = 35 years a) = 2047 (year that population will double from 50,000 to 100,000) b) = 2082 (year that population will double from 100,000 to 200,000)

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate)  Population doubled from 12 million to 24 million in 20 years

 Doubling Time = 70 / r (r is % population growth rate)  Population doubled from 12 million to 24 million in 20 years  20 = 70 / r  r = 3.5%

 DEVELOPED COUNTRIES: U.S. Canada Japan Australia New Zealand most of Europe DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: Countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America

CharacteristicDEVELOPEDDEVELOPING Per capita GDPHIGHLOW Degree of IndustrializationHIGHLOW Infant Mortality RateLOWHIGH Per Capita Fossil Fuel UseHIGHLOW Ecological FootprintHIGH Greenhouse Gas EmissionsHIGHLOW Risk From Heart DiseaseHIGHLOW Risk from Infectious DiseaseLOWHIGH

 Average number of children born to women in a population during their reproductive years.  1.6 developed countries  2.8 developing countries

TFR =

 Average number of children couples in a population must bear to replace themselves.  2.1 developed countries  2.5 developing countries

 # children per 1000 live births that die before age 1.  One of the best indicators of quality of life in a country.

 # live births per 1000 people in a population in a given year.

 # deaths per 1000 people in a population in a given year.

(S-curve) Carrying Capacity (K)

 Population Change = (immigration + births) – (emigration + deaths)

 Crude birth rate of 45:  45/1000 = = 4.5%  Crude death rate of 20:  20/1000 = = 2.0%

 Population Change = (immigration + births) – (emigration + deaths)  Population Change = (1% + 4.5%) – (0.5% + 2.0%) = 5.5% - 2.5% = 3.0%

Demographic Transition Model High birth High death High birth Declining death Declining birth Low death Low birth Low death Phase 4: Post-industrial Phase 3: Industrial

Age Structure Diagram