Towards A Development Index Framework to Measure and Manage Development

Development Index Framework  What a DIF is  Provides an economic and social DNA- structure  Makes dissimilar characteristics comparable  Gives an overview of development conditions  User friendly policy instrument

Composition of the DIF  The DIF –Consists of a wide range of development indices –Make provision for multi-dimensional comparisons –Each index group makes provision for a direct 3x4-way comparison between development characteristics –Compares characteristics within municipalities / urban / rural areas –Compares characteristics between municipalities / urban / rural areas –Ranks characteristics within municipalities / urban / rural areas longitudinally –Ranks characteristics between municipalities / urban / rural areas longitudinally – Makes provision for comparisons between index groups – Is GIS-friendly

Types of indices Size indicators Economic indicators Social indicators Developmental indicators

Examples of indices in the next three slides Example of intra-municipal profile versus profile of municipalities within a province Example of urban / rural profile within municipalities and between municipalities within a province Example of intra-regional (DC) profile versus profile of DCs within a province

Economic catchment areas 2003

Overlap between districts and catchment areas - Best fit

Overlap between districts and catchment areas – Medium fit

Overlap between districts and catchment areas – Worst fit

Profiles within and between municipalities in a province

Urban/rural profiles within and between municipalities

Regional profiles within District Council areas

Example of thematic maps showing indices

Factor1 Factor2 Factor3 Factor4 1. Semi-skilled labour Unskilled labour Public Phone Substandard accommodation No electricity High room crowdedness No refuse removal Lo household income Average accommodation Low personal income Black population Black potentially econ. active Rooms crowded Skilled labour Communal water source No phone Rooms not crowded Highly Skilled labour Black actual econ. active Div of labour. – quaternary Private water source Rural settlement Private phone Electrified Medium personal income High household income Div. of labour – tertiary High personal income Medium household income Div of labour – secondary Housing quality – temporary _______________________________________________________________________ 32. White population White potentially econ. active White actually econ. active Div. of labour – primary Full refuse removal Urban population Semi-perm. housing Rural population White total econ. active _______________________________________________________________________ 41. Coloured population Colrd potentially econ. active Colrd actually econ. active _______________________________________________________________________ 44. Indian population Indian potentially econ. active Indian actually econ. active Factor analysis of social, economic and development indicators

1. Economically the SA community is still fragmented. 2. Each of the three factors represents a different population group. 3. The Black population remains strongly associated with the poverty indicators no However, the most positive variables and load high on both the black and white factors which means that the Black population’s profile also corresponds well with the positive factors. In fact the higher loadings of these positive variables on Factor 1 (the Black factor) than on Factor 2 (the White factor) indicates that the Black population is beginning to dominate that part of the economy more than the White population does numerically. 5. The Coloured and Asian profiles are unlikely to match the White and Black population’s profiles because they are spatially concentrated in certain areas and are numerically small. Conclusions drawn from factor analysis