The Road to the American Revolution Salutary Neglect British Mercantilism British Economic Policies in the Colonies Proclamation of 1763 Eliseo Lugo III

Objectives: By the end of this unit, students will be able to: Discuss how the British would handle the crisis with the colonies as they attempted to pay for the French and Indian War Explain the conflict between Native-Americans and British settlers in 1763 Describe how the colonists responded to British tax laws. Describe what happened during the Boston Massacre Explain how the colonists protested the Intolerable Acts Analyze the events discussed that led to the American Revolution

Use your knowledge of the 13 colonies to answer the following questions for both photographs pictured below.What regions are they located in? Describe the geography of each photo and address the type of economy each region would have? 1 2

The Proclamation of 1763 England wants to avoid trouble with Native-Americans Colonists could no longer settle in any territory west of the Appalachian Mountains. If a colonist had land they had claimed west of the Appalachians, they must move East. Colonists felt that England was attempting to control them Colonies were angered over idea that they must pay for cost of war and British troops now

Proclamation of 1763 Facts Proclamation of 1763 Fact 1: Date of Issue: October 7, 1763 Proclamation of 1763 Fact 2: Proclamation issued by: King George III of Great Britain Proclamation of 1763 Fact 3: Proclamation issued following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America and the end of the French and Indian Wars Proclamation of 1763 Fact 4: The Proclamation Line, or border, ran west of the Appalachian Mountains and south of Hudson Bay to Florida Proclamation of 1763 Fact 5: Native American Indian lands were called the 'Indian Reserve' and administered by the British Proclamation of 1763 Fact 6: The Proclamation prohibited settlement by whites on land in the 'Indian Reserve' Proclamation of 1763 Fact 7: Indian land could not be taken without a purchase from, or treaty agreement with, the title-holding American Indian tribe

Proclamation of 1763 Facts Proclamation of 1763 Fact 7: Indian land could not be taken without a purchase from, or treaty agreement with, the title-holding American Indian tribe Proclamation of 1763 Fact 8: The Native American Indians in the Great Lakes region, who were allies of the French, were aghast to find that they were now under British sovereignty Proclamation of 1763 Fact 9: Pontiac's Rebellion was an unsuccessful effort by Native American Indians to prevent Great Britain from occupying the land previously claimed by France Proclamation of 1763 Fact 10: The colonists were expected to pay a tax to meet the costs of establishing and manning the borders of the Proclamation Line Proclamation of 1763 Fact 11: The British colonists believed that the King sided with the Indians, against the interests of the settlers Proclamation of 1763 Fact 12: The British gained additional revenue from the tax and also from its ability to expand the highly lucrative fur trade

Proclamation of 1763

Salutary Neglect British have left the colonies alone British try to enforce laws and taxes after the French and Indian War without the consent of the colonies British do not understand colonists are used to representative government Colonies have formed own governments Colonist are used to managing their own affairs with their elected representatives “Taxation without representation”, colonist want to have a say in government through elected reps.

British Mercantilism System were England controls colonial trade and taxes Colonies provided raw materials for Britain If colonies received imports the goods had to arrive on British Ships Certain colonial goods were sold only to England, but not to other countries Colonies were to serve as a market for English manufactured goods

Navigation Acts 1650-1763 Restricted colonial trade, manufacturing and shipping to other countries Colonists smuggle and disregard Acts Salutary Neglect: Britain has allowed the colonies to prosper under their protection with little or no control

Sugar Act 1764 British Action: Colonial Response: Raised taxes on goods like… Sugar Textiles Wine Coffee Indigo Colonial Response: First time a tax had been passed to raise revenue rather than regulate trade Colonial merchants protested the increased duties

Quartering Act--1765 Parliament passed the Quartering Act to address the practical concerns of a standing army in the colony. Each colonial assembly was directed to provide for the basic needs of soldiers stationed within its borders. Specified items included bedding, cooking utensils, firewood, beer or cider and candles. This law was expanded in 1766 and required the assemblies to billet soldiers in taverns and unoccupied houses.

Quartering Act 1765 Required colonies to provide British troops with quarters and supplies Colonial assemblies vote to refuse to supply British soldiers

Stamp Act--1765 The Stamp Act of 1765 was the first attempt to impose such a direct tax on its American colonies. The act required all legal documents, permits, commercial contracts, newspapers, wills, pamphlets, and playing cards in the colonies to carry a tax stamp. It was part of an economic program directly affecting colonial policy that was initiated in response to Britain’s greatly increased national debt

Townshend Acts The Townshend Acts used all the money collected for imported goods to pay the salaries of British soldiers. The Townshend Acts also caused a tax for glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. Cause: Britain still needed money, but they needed a way to tax the colonies “without offense.” Effect: The colonists boycotted British goods again.

Townshend Acts 1767 Tax on glass, lead, paper, paint and tea Colonist smuggle goods, boycott British goods, and fight with British troops

Tea Act 1773 Tax on tea, it is a plan to bail out East India Tea company through tax on tea Boston Tea Party and smuggling of tea

Boston Tea Party The Boston Tea Party was a protest organized by the colonists against the British. All the colonists dressed up as Indians and snuck on-board the British ships in the harbor. Then they threw all the tea on the ships into Boston Harbor. Cause: The colonists were upset by the Tea Act. Effect: The Intolerable Acts were passed to keep the colonists under control.

Intolerable Acts 1774 Response to Tea Party, assembly and town meetings dissolved, port of Boston closed, and British soldiers tried in England Militias form, colonies send representatives to 1st Continental Congress meets and starts colonial boycott Parliament passed the Coercive Acts, which colonists renamed “Intolerable Acts” as a punishment for the Tea Party.

Intolerable Acts First Law: Shut down Boston Harbor until Boston paid costs of destroyed tea. Second Law: canceled Massachusetts’ charter and gave the colony a legislature that met only when and where the governor commanded. Third Law: moved trials of royal colonial officials to Britain Town meetings forbidden, colonists cannot choose jurors, legislative members chosen by king. Fourth Law: Quartering Act: required colonists to quarter, or house and supply, British Soldiers.

Intolerable Acts General Thomas Gage replaced Thomas Hutchinson as governor of Massachusetts. Colonists wrote pamphlets, editorials, and plays criticizing British government. Colonial leaders tried organizing a boycott of all British goods in the colonies. Not strongly supported.

Student Practice/Application: Your Task: 1. Read Pages 145-149 in your American History textbook. 2. Complete all Checkpoint questions on pages 145-149 of your textbook. 3. Complete questions 1-2 on Page 149 of your textbook. (Check Your Progress) Extra Credit: Complete Question # 7 on Page 149 of your textbook.

Quebec Act 1774 Prohibited colonists from moving into Ohio River Valley, Catholic religion in region Colonists expected to settle into the region

Student Practice/Application Your Task: 1. Read Pages 150-153 in your American History textbook. 2. Complete all Checkpoint questions on pages 150-153. 3. Complete questions 1-3 on Page 153 of your American History Textbook. (Check Your Progress) Extra Credit: Complete question # 8 on Page 153 of your textbook.

Monarchy vs. Representative Government In a monarchy the governing power lies with a king and those that he appoints to office Parliament was the lawmaking body in England Citizens elect their own representatives who will represent them in government People create their government and have the right to make changes when they see fit (laws, elections)

Road to the Revolution Summarized At the end of the French and Indian War, the British attempted to have the colonists pay for the war. The British utilized various taxes and Acts to regain control over the colonists The colonists resented the taxes and Acts passed by the British. The policy of Salutary Neglect had failed The situation had arrived at a critical point. What would be next?

The American Revolution!!!!