Class Activity Napoleon’s Rise to Power, Goals Achieved from the French Revolution & Costly Mistakes that causes his empire to collapse

REPUBLIC 1795 THE DIRECTORY REPUBLIC SEPT., 1792 NATIONAL CONVENTION LIMITED MONARCHY 1789 NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Forges an Empire

1. How did the French Revolution lead to the rise of a powerful leader? 2. How did Napoleon restore order? 3. How did Napoleon’s rule lead to war in Europe?

Napoleon’s Rise to Power

Today’s Notes Activity Nap. Achieves Goals of the Revolution Napoleon’s Mistakes Homework: Timeline Worksheet

Napoleon took control of the French military and used it to take over the French gov’t He assumed dictatorial power as “the first consul”

Napoleon’s Actions: set up fairer tax code Set up national bank Stabilized the currency Gave state loans to businesses Results: Equal taxation & stable economy

Napoleon’s Actions: Appointed officials by merit Fired corrupt officials Created lycees Created code of laws Results: Honest, competent officials; equal opportunity in gov’t ; public education

Napoleon’s Actions: Recognized Catholicism as “faith of Frenchmen”; signed concordat with pope; kept seized church lands Results: religious tolerance; gov’t control of church lands; gov’t recognition of church influence

uniform system of laws that eliminated many injustices BUT…Limited liberties Individual rights traded away for order and authority “Strengthened” the country by giving Napoleon all the power

What is an empire? So what areas of Europe and the world did Napoleon control?areas of Europe

Napoleon’s 3 Costly Mistakes: THE CONTINENTAL SYSTEM THE PENINSULAR WAR INVADING RUSSIA

Reason for It: Hoped to weaken British economy and strengthen Continental economy Actions taken: Blockade of British imports and exports Battle of Trafalgar -British Navy is too strong and blockade not tight enough

RESULTS Actually weakened the French and European economies more than the British European countries hated France

Reason: Portugal was ignoring the Continental System Actions taken: *Sends troops through Spain *Spanish riot in protest *NAP makes his brother Joseph King of Spain *Spanish fear French control of Church of Spain (Catholic) *Guerrilla Warfare - Spanish nationalists surprise attack French forces. British send troops to aid rebels Iberian Peninsula

RESULTS: Can’t defeat guerrillas France loses over 300,000 troops Other countries see defeat and also develop a sense of nationalism What is nationalism? (check your terms list)

Reasons: NAP’s thirst for power Czar Alexander I refused to stop selling grain to Britain French and Russian rulers competing for control of Poland French and Russian alliance breaks down

Actions Taken: Invades Russia June 1812 Many of NAPS troops no longer French, but from occupied countries – not as loyal Czar Alexander retreats to Moscow Russians use scorched-earth policy/slash & burn Battle of Moscow – Russians burn city October – too late to advance too late to retreat

RESULTS: *NAP retreats to France, Russian winter fierce *Left France with ~600,000 *Returned with ~10,000 – 20,000 *Depleted army *Other European countries saw this French failure and had hope Russian Campaign RouteRussian Campaign Route (click)

Napoleon’s Rise to Power Today’s Notes Activity Nap. Achieves Goals of the Revolution Napoleon’s Mistakes Homework: Timeline Worksheet