Treaty of Versailles Pres. Woodrow Wilson – Proposes what he calls “The 14 Points” – Points 1-5 = Prevention of Future Wars / No Military – Points 6-13 = Boundary Change / Break up empires – Point 14 = Calls for League of Nations General association of nations that agreed on “talking” out problems rather than going to war US Congress openly and publicly oppose – State that it will get US involved in future wars in Europe w/o consent of committing troops overseas Every country “invited” to sign TOV signs EXCEPT…
The Postwar Economic Downturn - African Americans - African Americans were hit possibly the hardest… – They had been living in the very sharply divided South with Jim Crow laws and rigid segregation practices – Hate crimes and lynching's were very common in the South – They leave for the “Land Of Hope” in the North. Also called the Great Migration However, with the war over, this severely limited their employment opportunities – Even in the North, it was hard to find work – Companies had cut back production & laid off workers Leads to higher unemployment – The “Land of Hope” they thought they were going to was more of the same…just w/o the crime
The New Ku Klux Klan Arose from Americans’ intolerance and racism 1915 Nativist‘s rebirth of the KKK Hiram Wesley Evans served as “Imperial Wizard” he emphasized that the Klan was – a patriotic, benevolent org. that supported education, morality, charity, and honoring the American flag Evans’ followers actually opposed a long list of people – Catholics- Homosexuals- The Pope – Blacks- Asians- FDR – Jews- Druglords – Immigrants- Wild Women
The New Ku Klux Klan In 1924 there were 4 million members Ohio and Indiana were the Klan’s strongest states members served as – Mayors – Governors – Congressmen – Ministers – And police officers
Marcus Garvey and Black Pride Facing racism, African Americans looked for new leaders. Marcus Garvey promoted intense black pride… – He taught that African civilization pre-dated European civilization and that God was black. – Garvey sought to empower blacks worldwide toward economic, religious, psychological, and cultural independence. – Garvey also promoted a separatist vision of blacks returning to Africa to regain the continent they had lost to European imperialists. W.E.B DuBois vs. Booker T. Washington Booker T. Washington focused on having education for real life jobs and not asking for equality from the whites. WEB Dubois focused on gaining equality along with education to become well educated and book smart, to have education as well as equality.
The Science vs. Religion Debate Scientists believed in evolutionary beginnings focused on Darwin’s Origin of Species Christian fundamentalists believed in a literal interpretation of the Bible. – Lawyers with ACLU tested a new state law forbidding teachers to teach evolution. – 1925 ACLU asked John T. Scopes (24) a biology teacher, to break the law – ACLU called this a “test case” William Jennings Bryan – prosecutor Clarence Darrow – defense
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) Some citizens protested the illegal methods and prejudices that targeted foreigners and radicals. ACLU tried to ensure that the govt upheld individuals’ constitutional rights ACLU denounced Palmers’ tactics and the govts mob mentality However…no court victories