Planes of the body Coronal/Frontal –Btwn Ant and Post Sagital –Btwn Left and right Horizontal/Transverse –Btwn sup and inf

Anatomy Terms Superficial –Intermediate –Deep Medial – Lateral Posterior –Anterior Dorsal –Ventral Inferior –Superior Caudal –Cephalad Proximal –Distal Dorsal –Palmer Dorsal –Plantar

Curves of the Spine Lordotic –Cervical –Lumbar Kyphotic –Thoracic –Sacral

Trophoblast Inner Cell Mass Blastocystic Cavity

Syncytotrophoblast Cytotrophoblast Cytotrophoblast + Syncytotrophoblast = Trophoblast’s two layers inside the uterine wall

Epiblast Hypoblast

Primary Yolk Sac

Amniotic Cavity

Primitive Node Primitive Streak

Epiblast Hypoblast

Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm

Know what the 3 germ layers become Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm

Notocord

Neural Plate

Notocord Neural Folds Neural Groove

Neural Tube

Neural Crest Cells

Somatic Mesoderm Parietal Bone, lig forms the future body wall Splanchnic Mesoderm Visceral CT of respir and digestive organs part of the circulatory system Forms future gut wall forms the viscera and heart Coelom

Sclerotome Dermamyotome

Sclerotome Dermatome Myotome

Hypomere Epimere

Sclerotome Dermatome Epimere Hypomere Neural Tube Neural Crest Cells

Z Joints Know degrees the facets are facing –45, 60, 90 Know what direction each one is facing –Sup ap is facing post/lat –Look up all sup ap’s in the boxes in COA and the inf ap’s are all the opposite

Motor Segment 2 vert and the IVD btwn IVD and 2 Z jts Be able to describe motion according to SP’s or TP’s Ex: in Flex the SP’s approximate and the Ant IVD bulges Know for flex, ext, lat flex

Coupled Motion Rotation and lat flex occur at same time Cervicals to mid thor –SP rotate to same side as lat flex –Bend R—sp’s go R Mid thor to Lumbars –SP’s rotate away from lat flex –Bend R—Sp’s go L This is all while standing

Typical Cervical Bifid SP TP foramen Small body

C2 Axis, Epistropheous Large process on ant body –Odontoid proc, dens –Articulate with ant arch of C1 –2 ossifying centers Tip of dens Base of dens 1 st large bifid SP felt S-I

C1 Atlas No body or SP Lateral masses articulate with occipital condyles Steele’s rule of 1/3’s –Spinal cord –Dens –Stuff—fat, CSF, blood vessels

C7 No BIFID SP Yes to TP foramen

Thoracic Vert Very long SP Heart shaped body Facets for ribs –Whole facet 1, 11, 12 –Demi-facet 2-10 –T1 Has one whole and one demi facet

Lumbar vert Large kidney shaped bodies Blade like SP’s Extra processes –Mamillary Post/lat Sup AP –Accessory Post surface of TP base Mamillary Proc

Sacrum Anterior –Sacral promentory –Ant sacral foramen

Sacrum Posterior Sacrum –Median Crest Old SP’s –Intermediate Crests Old AP’s –Later Crests Old TP’s