Structuring a DC Network Ken Homa. Manufacturing Plants Distribution Centers Intermediaries End Users Customers.

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Presentation transcript:

Structuring a DC Network Ken Homa

Manufacturing Plants Distribution Centers Intermediaries End Users Customers

Plant Distribution Networks Centralized, decentralized DC Market Area Trade-off : customer service and operating costs

Plant DC CCCCC Distribution Networks Building Blocks C, Q, F, S

Plant DC CCCCC Transportation Distribution Networks Cost Components

Plant DC CCCCC Handling (out) Transportation Distribution Networks Cost Components Handling (in)

Plant DC CCCCC Handling (out) Handling (in) Transportation Storage Distribution Networks Cost Components Optimize “landed cost” systemwide

Plant DC Increasing Distance Single plant, co-located DC Transportation Costs In general, transportation costs increase with distance for comparable “types” of shipments

Transportation Tactics Load consolidation Backhauling Dynamic routing Distribution networking

Transportation Costs By Type $/Unit Truck LTL Parcel Premium Load (UPS) (Overnite)

Transportation Costs Backhauls Origin Destin- ation Backhauls Full trucks (to and from) Single destinations

Transportation Costs Dynamic Routing Origin Destin- ation Single destinations Max full truck distance Destin- ation Full TruckPartial Truck Drop Off Charges

Transportation Costs Distribution Networking Origin Customer Max full truck distance Efficiently route LTL DC Full TruckPartial Truck LTL

Plant DC Distribution Networks Single plant, multiple DCs DC

Cost adders …. Overhead / fixed costs Handling steps Less than truckload rates Offset by truckload volumes to DCs

Investment adders... DC “plant & equipment” Inventory (“local safety stock”) Forecast error (fragmented forecast) Lead times (plant to DC to customer) Service level multiplier...

Service Level -> Safety Stock Factor

Distribution Networks Principles Local => faster response Scale determines degree of affordable decentralization Ship full trucks : consolidation, backhaul, dynamic routing Answer derived from policy & analysis

Structuring a DC Network