Have you come across children who struggle with attention, reading, math, writing or coordination? It could be due to learning and attention issues.

SPECIFIC LEARNING DISABILITY The person with specific learning disability is one who has average or above-average intelligence, without any sensory problems (like blindness or hearing impairment) and yet struggles to keep up with people of the same age in learning and regular functioning.

TYPES OF S.LD DYSLEXIADYSGRAPHIADYSCALCULIA DYSLEXIA Difficulty in reading DYSGRAPHIA Difficulty in writing DYSCALCULIA Difficulty with calculations

A severe discrepancy between achievement and intellectual ability in one or more of the following areas:-  Listening comprehension  Written expression  Basic reading skill  Reading comprehension  Mathematical calculation  Math reasoning

Typical mistakes in reading and writing ( Typical mistakes in reading and writing (DYSLEXIA, DYSGRAPHIA)  Often confuses between the letters b,d, p,q, u,n, w,m. Reads or writes ‘dog as god’, ‘was as saw’, ‘from’ and ‘form’, ‘beutifull’ for ‘beautiful’.  Guess the word from the first letter of the word, e.g. ‘Always as away’  Loses place on a page while reading.  Reads very slowly, without expression and no punctuations.  Reads word by word thus missing the meaning.  Commonly used words are also read, spelt and written wrong.

Typical mistakes in reading and writing ( Typical mistakes in reading and writing (DYSLEXIA, DYSGRAPHIA)  Omits letters in spellings, e.g. Becaus, pleas, daugter, thouh.  Omits words while reading and writing.  Adds letters to spellings, e.g. Transferr, claoud, roaer, discusse.  Adds words while reading and writing.  Spells words phonetically, e.g. ‘Tox’ for ‘talks’, ‘rite’ for ‘write’, ‘desided’ for ‘decided’.  Confuses between vowels, e.g. ’man’ for ‘men’, ’hant’ for hunt’, ‘furniture’ for ‘furniture’.

Typical mistakes in writing ( Typical mistakes in writing (DYSGRAPHIA)  Writes very slowly hence books incomplete.  May hold pencil awkwardly.  Writing is a laborious task for them and they avoid it.  Poor spacing, no margins.  Cannot write on unruled paper.  In primary classes writing on the line is also difficult.  The child is unable to automatically remember and master the sequence of muscle motor movements needed in writing.

Typical mistakes in Mathematics ( Typical mistakes in Mathematics (DYSCALCULIA)  Counts on finger.  Abstract thinking is poor.  Reads 13 for 31.  Mixes Symbols [+ & x, - & =]  Difficulty with learning to tell time.  Doesn’t understand place value.

Classroom detection  When the teacher notices any of the above problems  If the teacher observes Poor concentration  Weak foundation in any subject.  For exam fear/fever.

What you can do?  Take notes on the types of errors the child makes  How often they occur  Where you've noticed them.  Keep copies of her work and  Results from group tests.  Show these to the counselor

TREATMENT  Teaching skills & organizations.  Explaining  Accommodating.  Compensating (tape recorder, calculator, computer, videos)