FREUD, JUNG, DADA AND SURREALISM: The Art & Science of Dreams HUMANITIES 1301 Professor Schlanger.

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Presentation transcript:

FREUD, JUNG, DADA AND SURREALISM: The Art & Science of Dreams HUMANITIES 1301 Professor Schlanger

FREUD 3 PARTS TO THE PSYCHE EGOIDSUPEREGO 3 LEVELS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AWARENESS CONSCIOUSPRECONSCIOUSUNCONSCIOUS

THE FREUDIAN MODEL

CARL JUNG COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS –PART OF THE PSYCHE THAT’S NEVER BEEN CONSCIOUS –PART OF THE PSYCHE COMMON TO ALL HUMANS –ITS CONTENTS ARE INNATE (INBORN), NOT MADE UP OF PERSONAL EXPERIENCE –COMPOSED OF ARCHETYPES

JUNGIAN STRATA OF THE PSYCHE

ARCHETYPES FORMS OR SYMBOLS COMMON TO ALL CULTURES, MYTHOLOGIES AND RELIGIONS DREAMS ALSO REVEAL THE ARCHETYPES

EXAMPLES OF ARCHETYPES THE MOTHER/EARTH/GARDEN OR WITCH THE FATHER/SKY/RAIN OR DEMON THE CHILD/RESURRECTION/SPRING THE HERO WHO DEFEATS EVIL THE TRICKSTER/CLOWN/MAGICIAN TRIES TO FOIL THE HERO THE SELF – ONE’S UNIFIED CONSCIOUSNESS AND UNCONSCIOUS

FREUD & JUNG JUNG BUILDS ON FREUDIAN CONCEPTS OF THE UNCONSCIOUS JUNG: ARCHETYPES APPEAR OFTEN IN DREAMS FREUD: UNCONSCIOUS ACCESSED THROUGH DREAMS JUNG’S COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS PROPOSED A UNIVERSAL, COMMON PSYCHIC FOUNDATION THAT EXISTED PRIOR TO INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCE OR THE STRATA ON WHICH THE EGO RESTS

DADA: Precursor to Surrealism “DADA” french for hobby-horse Reaction against bourgeois interests and barbarism of WWI, “a world gone mad”; peaked If reason & logic led to WWI, Dada rejected logic, embraced anarchy & the irrational Movement involving visual arts, literature, theater & graphic design Defiantly international vs. rampant nationalism Many Dadaists involved in multiple art forms. Wished to blur boundaries between different forms

DADA: The anti-art art Sought to fight art with art Based on principles of irrationality, anarchy, cynicism Rejection contemporary laws of beauty & social organization Ignored aesthetics Dada strove to have NO meaning, to offend Often playful, absurd, emotive, cryptic

A few Dadaists Marcel Duchamp George Grosz Man Ray

DUCHAMP: “Creator” of “Ready- Mades” or “found objects”

DUCHAMP

MAN RAY: Ingres’ Violin

MAGRITTE: This is not a pipe

MAN RAY: Tears

MAN RAY: Mannequin

DADA’S Impact on Modern Art Collage & assemblage Application of aleatory (left to chance) techniques Extending abstract art into literature & film Breaking down boundaries between different art forms Performance art Expropriating elements of popular culture Interaction or confrontation with the audience

The Surrealist Manifesto by Andre Breton, 1924 PSYCHIC AUTOMATISM in its pure state, by which one proposes to express -- verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner -- the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by the thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern.

Excerpts from Surrealist Manifesto I could spend my whole life prying loose the secrets of the insane. These people are honest to a fault, and their naiveté has no peer but my own. We are still living under the reign of logic: this, of course, is what I have been driving at. But in this day and age logical methods are applicable only to solving problems of secondary interest. Let us not mince words: the marvelous is always beautiful, anything marvelous is beautiful, in fact only the marvelous is beautiful. Surrealism will usher you into death, which is a secret society. It will glove your hand, burying therein the profound M with which the word Memory begins. Surrealism does not allow those who devote themselves to it to forsake it whenever they like. There is every reason to believe that it acts on the mind very much as drugs do; like drugs, it creates a certain state of need and can push man to frightful revolts. It is living and ceasing to live which are imaginary solutions. Existence is elsewhere.

THE SURREALISTS: The art of dream and nightmare SALVADOR DALI RENE MAGRITTE PAUL KLEE MARC CHAGALL FRIDA KAHLO FRIDA KAHLO

SALVADOR DALI: Persistence of Memory

DALI: Premonition of War

DALI: Galatea of the Spheres

DALI: ST. JOHN OF THE CROSS

DALI: The Last Supper

MAGRITTE: THE LOVERS

MAGRITTE: Attempting the Impossible

MAGRITTE: REPRODUCTION

MAGRITTE: Time Transfixed

KLEE: Natura

KLEE: Fish Magic

KLEE: Around the Fish

CHAGALL: The Birthday

CHAGALL: The Juggler

CHAGALL: The Green Fiddler

CHAGALL: Floating Together Arms Entwined

KAHLO: Roots

KAHLO: The Little Deer

KAHLO: Henry Ford Hospital

KAHLO: Love Embrace of the Universe

GROSZ: Pillars of Society

GROSZ: Metropolis

GROSZ: Circe