The creation of something new is not accomplished by the intellect but by the play instinct acting from inner necessity. The creative mind plays with the objects it loves. Carl Jung Swiss psychologist ( )

Carl Gustav Jung ( )

born on July 26, 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland the only son of a Protestant clergyman he only surviving child out of four described his childhood as lonely many of his relatives were members of the clergy as well. Young Carl Jung

 attended university, studying biology, zoology, archaeology and paleontology, and eventually medicine.  also studied philosophy, mythology, early Christian literature, and religion

felt as if he had two separate personalities Introvert/extroverted resulted in his study of integration and wholeness

INtrovert-vs-EXtrovert  Introverts are interested primarily in their own thoughts and feelings, in their inner world.  Extroverts are actively involved in the world of people and things; they tend to be more social and more aware of what is going on around them.

 founder of the school of analytical psychology  proposed and developed the concepts of the extroverted and introverted personality, archetypes, and the collective unconscious  stressed the power of the unconscious

Jung’s Theory of Psychological Type Jung identified four fundamental psychological functions:  Thinking  Feeling  Sensation  Intuition

Thinking (mind) Sensing (body) Feeling (heart) Intuition (spirit) HOLISTIC INTEGRATION

Collective Unconscious  The collective unconscious is Jung’s boldest and most controversial concept. Jung identifies the collective, or transpersonal, unconscious as the center of all psychic material that does not come from personal experience. Its contents and images appear to be shared with people of all time periods and all cultures. Some psychologists, such as Skinner, implicitly assume that each individual is born as a blank slate, a tabula rasa; consequently, psychological development can come only from personal experience. Jung postulates that the mind of the infant already possesses a structure that molds and channels all further development and interaction with the environment. This basic structure is essentially the same in all infants. Although we develop differently and become unique individuals, the collective unconscious is common to all people and is therefore one (Jung, 1951a).

“just as the human body represents a whole museum of organs, each with a long evolutionary period behind it, so we should expect to find that the mind is organized in a similar way. It can no more be a product without history than is the body in which it exists”

 level of consciousness and memory shared with people of all time periods and all cultures  opposite of tabula rasa

Jungian Archetypes  Jung posited that we each have all basic archetypes within us.  He listed four main forms of archetypes: The Shadow The Anima The Animus The Self

The Shadow  represents the unconscious mind the “dark side” aspects of our “selfs” that we wish not to fully acknowledge

The Anima  element of the collective unconscious  a symbol of a man's feminine possibilities, or “feminine side,” the unconscious inner feminine personality  influences a man's interactions with women and his attitudes toward them  a source of creativity

The Animus  a symbol of a woman's masculine possibilities, the unconscious inner male personality  influences a woman's interactions with men and her attitudes toward them  considered the archetype of reason and spirit

The Self  represents the merging of the conscious and the unconscious through individuation  referred to by Jung as “the God within us”  may be likened to the religious idea of the soul  contains all elements of the psyche

Jungian theory entailed myriad archetypes…  The hero  The innocent  The faithful dog  The magician  The earth mother  The sage  The hermaphrodite  The scapegoat  The tree  Many more…

The Syzygy  what Jung referred to as “the paired opposites, where the One is never separated from the Other, its antithesis.”  the pairing of the anima and animus

The Persona  the way we present ourselves to the world  referred to by Jung as a “kind of mask, designed on the one hand to make a definite impression upon others, and on the other to conceal the true nature of the individual”

The Ego  the ego is the center of consciousness  one of the major archetypes of the personality.  provides a sense of consistency and direction  arises from the unconscious.

Recent Developments: Jung’s Influence  The practice of Jungian analysis has continued to develop since Jung’s death.  The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, based on Jung’s theory of types, has become one of the most popular psychological tests in the world.

Jung in education: Archetypal Pedagogy  Inspired by Jungian-style archetypes

 There is a whole cadre of literature relating Jungian psychology and spirituality, from, Buddhism to Christianity, to Jewish mysticism, to Hinduism, and even the Kabbalah.

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