Try to Control Your Urge to Learn!

Organs of the Urinary System

Kidneys – filter blood to produce urine Ureters – drain urine from kidneys Bladder – temporary storage for urine Trigone – between 3 holes Urethra – carries urine out of body Internal & external sphincters

Urinary Bladder

Organs of the Urinary System

Kidney Covered in fat and anchored with connective tissue Connected to abdominal aorta by renal artery Connected to inferior vena cava by renal vein ADD Renal artery & vein to drawing!

Kidney – Internal Structure Renal pelvis – cavity in center collects urine Types of tissue around pelvis Renal medulla found in pyramids Renal cortex found outside of pyramids and in columns

Area = renal column Area = Pyramid Type of tissue

Kidney – Internal Structure Nephron – functional unit of kidney Urine formation Overlaps medulla & cortex Over 1 million in each kidney Calyx – directs urine from nephrons to renal pelvis ADD Calyces to picture!

Area = renal column Area = Pyramid Type of tissue

Kidney – Nephron Structure Renal corpuscle – Bowman’s capsule & glomerulus Renal tubule – Loop of Henle & collecting duct

Nephron

Kidney Functions – Urine Formation Filtration Almost everything pushed from glomerulus to Bowman’s capsule Reabsorption Anything you might need pulled from renal tubule into bloodstream Secretion Balancing act from blood into renal tubule

Nephron

Micturition Urine accumulates in bladder, stretching the walls Signal sent to brain to relax internal urethral sphincter You get “the urge…” Voluntary relaxation of external urethral sphincter

Kidney Stones Hard mass of chemicals unable to pass through ureter Can be very painful Treatment varies

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Can be anywhere in tract but often in trigone Often caused by intestinal bacteria Symptoms vary based on location of infection Cranberry juice??

Kidney Transplant

Dialysis Starts when you lose 85% - 90% kidney function