SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 1 Expanded Clay lightweight aggregates for Civil Engineering applications Arnstein Watn, SINTEF, Norway Oddvar Hyrve, maxit Group, Norway Inge Brorsson, SGI, Sweden, Liaison TC 227

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 2 Expanded clay LWA Ceramic grains produced by expanding clay Grain size up to 32 mm Loose bulk dry density: kg/m 3 Design unit weight (incl compaction and water): kN/m 3 Thermal conductivity: W/mK (water content) High Permeability: k > 10-3 m/s

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 3 Application areas Backfill for bridge abutment Frost insulation in road Weight reduction in slope Frost insulation in drainage ditch

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 4 Background R&D-project MiljøIso and LWA Geolight Material characteristics Design recommendations Construction guidelines Quality control in the field Material characterisation Required properties Relevant test methods Standardisation CEN TC 154 EN Light weight aggregates (all types) CEN TC 88 EN Thermal insulation products-in situ formed expanded clay LWA prEN 14933/prEN14934 EPS/XPS for CEA CEN TC 227 – Required standard for expanded clay LWA for CEA

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 5 CEN TC 88 – WG 20 Product standard for expanded clay LWA for CEA Required characteristics Relevant test methods Marking and labelling Factory production control Required characteristics Physical, mechanical, thermal, hydraulic, durability, environmental Characteristics based on existing standards Supplementary characteristics for this product and application Test methods Methods from existing standards Modified existing test methods New methods for this specific application

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 6 Existing test methods Water suction Compressibility and compressive strength

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 7 Modified test methods Particle size distribution – revised procedure Water absorption – supplementary testing Shear strength static loading – specification of procedure

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 8 New test methods Triaxial testing Compressive creep

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 9 Implications Basis for requirements and characterisation Basis for material quality control Basis for design properties (needs confirmations) Basis for comparison of different materials Good basis also for characterisation and testing other materials

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 10 Quality control in the field Technical report Quality of the material delivered on site Quality of the construction work Installation Compaction Quality control of the material as part of the structure Installed quality Structural behaviour

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 11 On site sampling – LEHA-method

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 12 Structural behaviour – plate load test On top of complete structure On top of bearing layer

SINTEF Building and Infrastructure 13 Summary Product standard sent for CEN Enquiry Required characteristics Relevant test methods Marking and labelling Factory production control Technical report under preparation Delivery control on site Construction work recommendations Installation Compaction Structural quality control