CISG114 Web Technology & Life Sessions 001 & 002 Kam Hou Vat, Ph.D. Department of Computer & Information Science Faculty of Science & Technology University of Macau, Macau SAR China

Web Technology & Life What is entailed in Web Technology? What is meant by Web 2.0? How is Web 2.0 related to life?

Web Technology refers to the technologies that relate to the interface between web servers and their clients. This information includes markup languages, programming interfaces and languages, and standards for document identification and display. Examples: HTML, XML, CGI Scripting, HTTP, PHP, MIME. Jackson, J.C. (2007). Web technologies: A computer science perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Web 2.0 The term Web 2.0 is associated with web applications that facilitate participatory information sharing, interoperability, user-centered design and collaboration on the World Wide Web information sharing interoperabilityuser-centered designcollaboration World Wide Web

Web 2.0 -> Information Sharing The term "information sharing" gained popularity as a result of the 9/11 Commission Hearings and its report of the United States government's lack of response to information known about the planned terrorist attack on the New York City World Trade Center prior to the event. The resulting commission report led to the enactment of several executive orders by President Bush that mandated agencies implement policies to "share information" across organizational boundaries.9/11 Commissionreport United States government terroristNew York CityWorld Trade Center President Bush

Web 2.0 -> Interoperability Interoperability is a property referring to the ability of diverse systems and organizations to work together (inter- operate). The term is often used in a technical systems engineering sense, or alternatively in a broad sense, taking into account social, political, and organizational factors that impact system to system performance.systemssystems engineeringperformance

Web 2.0 -> User-Centered Design (UCD) In broad terms, user-centered design (UCD) or pervasive usability is a design philosophy and a process in which the needs, wants, and limitations of end users of a product are given extensive attention at each stage of the design process.design philosophyend usersproductdesign process User-centered design can be characterized as a multi-stage problem solving process that not only requires designers to analyze and foresee how users are likely to use a product, but also to test the validity of their assumptions with regards to user behavior in real world tests with actual users.

Web 2.0 and Life A Web 2.0 site allows users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as creators (prosumers) of user-generated content in a virtual community, in contrast to websites where users (consumers) are limited to the passive viewing of content that was created for them. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted services, web applications, mashups and folksonomies.social mediaprosumers user-generated contentvirtual communityconsumerscontent social networking sitesblogswikisvideo sharinghosted servicesweb applicationsmashupsfolksonomies

Web 2.0 A New Information Revolution It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change. - Charles Darwin The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. - Alvin Toffler, futurist, in Rethinking the Future

Web 2.0 in Education  Web 2.0 technologies provide teachers with new ways to engage students in a meaningful way.  Web 2.0 shows students that education is a constantly evolving entity. Whether it is participating in a class discussion, or participating in a forum discussion, the technologies available to students in a Web 2.0 classroom does increase the amount they participate.

Web 2.0 in Education (contd) By allowing students to use the technology tools of Web 2.0, teachers are actually giving students the opportunity to learn for themselves and share that learning with their peers By making the shift to a Web 2.0 classroom, teachers are creating a more open atmosphere where students are expected to stay engaged and participate in the discussions and learning that is taking place around them.

Web 2.0: A New Publishing Revolution Web 1.0 is a one-way medium where we read and received as passive participants Web 2.0 is a two-way medium based on contribution, creation, and collaboration Blogs, wikis, podcasts, video/photo-sharing, social networking, and many other software services are changing how and why web content is created The Internet is a platform of unparalleled creativity, and educators and students are creating the new content of the Web

Web 2.0: A Tidal Wave of Information The publishing revolution gives rise to large volume of content online:  Over 100,000 blogs created daily  Over 375,000 new users every day in MySpace, who are creating content  Such an amount of information challenges us as to which should receive our time and attention

Web 2.0: Everything is becoming participative Amazon.com is a good example of how the participative Web works: Book readers write reviews of books that are a significant factor in readers’ decisions to purchase a book Amazon gathers user data by tracking their online behavior (what books to read and buy), and suggests other books that readers might like to read

Web 2.0: Social learning gains headway We move from thinking of knowledge as an “answer” that we transfer from teacher to student to a social view of learning, through which students are considered as contributors, not recipients

Practices to Think About  Students are used to the didactic model of education.  Students have to be taught how to work independently in groups.  Students have to be encouraged to break away from the guessing game of “what the professor wants.”  Students need help to take their own initiative to “learn to learn.”