Passive Verbs

All verbs in Latin have 5 qualities. So far you know three: person, number, tense Verbs also have VOICE (active or passive) * Basic Active endings:-o-mus -s-tis -t-nt Basic Passive Endings-r-mur -ris-mini -tur-ntur

The ACTIVE VOICE is used with the SUBJECT performs the action of the verb. Dominus iratus servum verberat. The angry master beats the slave

The PASSIVE VOICE is used when the subject receives the action instead of performing it. Servus a domino irato verberatur. The slave is beaten by the angry master. A person (or animal) performing the action in a passive construction takes the ABLATIVE case in a construction called the ABLATIVE OF AGENT (uses the preposition a/ab)

PRESENT TENSE PASSIVE: Present stem + regular passive personal endings 1 st conjugation3 rd conjugation amoramamurdicordicimur amaris amaminidicirisdicimini amaturamanturdiciturdicuntur TRANSLATION: “I am ________ed; I am being ____________ed”

IMPERFECT TENSE PASSIVE Present stem + ba +regular passive personal endings 1 st conjugation3 rd conjugation Amabaramabamurdicebardicebamur amabaris amabaminidicebaris dicebamini amabatur amabanturdicebatur dicebantur TRANSLATION: I was being _______ed; I used to be _________ed.

FUTURE TENSE PASSIVE * Present stem + bo, bi, bu + personal passive endings for 1 st & 2 nd conjugations * + 1 a and 5 e’s + personal passive endings for 3 rd &4 th 1 st conjugation3 rd conjugation amabor amabimurdicar dicemur amabiris amabiminidiceris dicemini amabitur amabunturdicetur dicentur TRANSLATION: I will be __________ed.

Practice 1.She is upset ______________________ 2.They were being overwhelmed ____________ 3.He will be thrown out ___________________ 4.They will be sold ___________________ 5.She is being heard _________________ 6. it was being extinguished _______________ 7. they are delighted _________________ 8. they were upset _________________ commovetur opprimebantur eicietur vendentur auditur exstinguebatur delectantur commovebantur

9. He will be overwhelmed _________________ 10. They are being thrown out _______________ 11. It was being sold _________________ 12.They were heard _________________ 13. they will be extinguished _______________ 14. she was delighted __________________ 15. he will be upset _______________ 16. he is overwhelmed ______________ 17.He is being sold _______________ 18. they will be heard _________________ opprimetur eiciuntur vendebatur audiebantur exstinguentur delectabatur commovebitur opprimitur venditur audientur

19.It is being extinguished _______________ 20. they will be delighted _________________ exstinguitur delectabuntur