Cleveland CH: 11 pt. 2 Essential Question: What problems did the boarders of Iraq cause?

 What was the Ethnic and Religious make up of Iraq?  What was the economic make up of Iraq? 80% Arabs A little over half practiced Shi‘ism A little under half were Sunnis 20% Kurdish (Mostly Sunni) Assyrian Christian minority in the North Large Jewish Population in Bagdad Mosul Province Economically linked to Anatolia and Syria Province of Bagdad agricultural and traded with Iran Basra the Southern Province Oriented toward the Persian Gulf and overseas trade.

 Amir Faysal  Crowned King in 1921 although Iraq did not have any of the systems of government that defines a nation.  Organic Law of 1925  Army was established  Sati al-Husri became director general of education in 1921 Constitutional monarchy Elected Bicameral legislature Islam was the state religion Shari‘ah courts were established

 Treaty of 1930  Iraq Petroleum Company  Iraq made royalties on the oil but the British owned the company for 75 years Britain remained the military and security privileges. Military instruction of Iraqi armed forces done by the British Military supplied by British

 After the death of Faysal a series of coups occurred  1941 Four Colonels over throw the government and establish Rashid Ali as prime minister.  Anglo-Iraqi War of 1941  Rashid Ali’s government was pro Axis orientated  Disagreement of the Anglo-Iraqi treaty of 1930  Rashid Ali argued that Iraq had full independence and could prevent Great Britain from establishing a naval base at Basra.  British established Nuri al-Sa‘id and Abd al-Ilah as the new Iraqi government.  During the war they eliminated political opponents.