| 0 Gillian Griffiths Senior Product Manager, Scopus Scopus: search tips to make your research more effective 24 March 2016

| 1 Aims and Scope of this webinar Help you understand how search works on Scopus and how you can use it to help support your research activities Explain the basic need-to-know ground rules of Scopus search from the search forms Show you how to get away from the search box and use other routes to explore the rich data in Scopus

| 2 Agenda of today’s webinar What is search on Scopus? Not just a search box – other ways to explore content and find articles. Chapter titles…… How to get more out of Scopus

| 3 1. What is Search on Scopus?

| 4 What is Scopus? Scopus is the largest abstract and citation database of peer- reviewed literature, and features smart tools that allow you to track, analyze and visualize scholarly research.

| 5 JOURNALS Scopus includes content from >5,000 publishers and more than 105 different countries 21,568 peer-reviewed journals 361 trade journals Full metadata, abstracts and cited references (ref’s post only) Physical Sciences 7,443 Health Sciences 6,795 Social Sciences 8,086 Life Sciences 4,492 90K conference events 7.3M conference papers Mainly Engineering and Computer Sciences 531 book series 30K Volumes / 1.2M items 119,587 stand-alone books 971K items Focus on Social Sciences and A&H 61.0M records from 22K serials, 90K conferences and 120K books Updated daily “Articles in Press” from > 3,750 titles 40 different languages covered 3,715 active Gold Open Access journals indexed BOOKSCONFERENCES Source: November 2015 title list at

| 6 Scopus helps researchers succeed with common research needs Find out what already exists in the global world of research Determine how to differentiate research topics, find ideas Decide what, where and with whom to partner Identify and analyze which journals to read / submit to Track impact of research; monitor global research trends Help researchers manage career – citation counts and h-index Basic/, Advanced Search, Refine Results RESEARCHER NEED FEATURES Basic/Advanced Search Alerts, Author Profiles, Analyzers Author/Affiliation Profiles Alerts, Citation Overview, Analyzers, Article Metrics Journal Analyzer Source: Scopus Own Data, Scopus Exit Survey, 2015

| 7 What are you trying to do? - Keeping up to date on research area - Reading into a new subject - Looking for a research topic/unexplored area - Writing a paper – collecting references, checking for updates - Applying for funding - Finding an expert person or institution - …..

| 8 How do you use search to do this? - Exploration, discovery: seeing what’s there, finding the right words to use - Getting an overview of all that is relevant to you - Narrowing down and selecting - Excluding: Checking if something is there or not –zero results means you can publish your paper, or start your research in that new area, or apply for funding

| 9 Why use Scopus and not just Google? No “fuzziness” – unlike Google, we don’t drop terms to get you more results Requirements for ??Differences between Scopus and Web search engines? ADD STUFF FROM Google slide (where”?) NO magic - Every result can be explained by the search you did and what is in the content. There is no approximation or false positives here.In general search practice it is considered unacceptable to give back zero results. So many services will drop some of the terms you enter, or find nearest matches, or just give you something else. This isn’t a good idea in searching scientific literature. We need accuracy and reliability.

| 10

| 11 Different data, different search

| 12 More than what you see

| 13 How can I make Scopus understand me? Searching using just words is hard – this is a known weakness of any search Scopus is built to make it easy to use the detail and depth of structure in the content without knowing intricate details of how to query Start with a broad, simple search and narrow down. The search results list is the most important page in Scopus: from there there are many ways to reach the articles you are looking for. In this presentation I will show you how to find relevant articles on Scopus without complicated searches: but also give you some basic principles to make sure your search does what you intended

| 14 Search is not just a box: strategies for discovery

| 15 Results page – the heart of Scopus Narrowing the search - sort and refine - use refine results Show abstracts – individual or all. Search within results Selecting items in the list More than search: connecting through the citation chain Secondary documents (=references) Related articles Using selection Export, print, mail, Save to list

| 16 Using results

| 17 Search within results: Field name Other possibilities: In Search within Results you can in fact add a field restriction: Original search: TITLE-ABS-KEY( “pattern matching”) In search within results, type: TITLE-ABS-KEY(memory OR storage) Search that is sent is now: TITLE-ABS-KEY( “pattern matching”) AND (TITLE-ABS- KEY(memory OR storage))

| 18 Finding the right words..

| 19

| 20 Refine results DEMO or SLIDES Expand out…goes up to If there are more than 160 values in the search results, you can filter on first letter, then still get 160 for each choice. - Counts A document may fit more than one category Some categories may have more than one item: - multiple subject areas assigned to the journal - More than one author, affiliation for a document

| 21 Sorting options

| 22 8 March

| 23 Following slides are a canned demo of result page func.

| 24 Searching what we don’t have: “Secondary documents”

| 25 Results: “Secondary documents”

| 26 Results: Citing articles for multiple documents

| 27 Select items of interest – or whole set or page

| 28

| 29 Options change as you use them – look in “More”

| 30 Following the citation chain - forwards

| 31 Following the citation chain - forwards

| 32 Following the citation chain - backwards

| 33 Get more from Scopus

| 34 Following the citation chain – sideways!

| 35 Related documents

| 36 Help Scopus help you – set up a personal account To use the features that follow, you’ll need to set up a a personal account and be logged in. Set up your own personal account to: -Save searches -Save lists you have collected -Have Scopus remember your settings – sort preferences, what’s on the results taskbar - for the next time -Set up alerts to tell you if there are new results for your search -Follow authors and articles -<<<<<<<WHAT ELSE??? Your account will still be within your institute or department’s subscription, so won’t affect anything except to allow you more options.

| 37

| 38 Collecting from different searches

| 39 Setting an alert

| 40 Search strategy – remember what you’re asking Separating concepts: Example: you wonder if there is a connection between two distinct concepts: -use the results to find synonyms and words that fit the concept -Search for one set, be satisfied with the results, -Search for the other, -Combine searches in the Search History

| 41 Help Scopus to understand you

| Use the right fields to search Default is TITLE-ABS-KEY on the basic form. To use a specific field as well, like author, f you use the Document just add a box. Explain why it’s not ALL. Show dropdowns and adding box to pick difft field Show doc page and what is seached ( or is this in the earlier part) Show what the form does: AFFIL example Peek at advanced form? Be aware that if you use the search within box or the Advanced form, the default is ALL. This can get

| Phrases and separate words If you don’t mark words that should be searched together, Scopus assumes you meant AND Two words together is NOT a single term Example: TITLE-ABS-KEY( water chestnut) Same as: TITLE-ABS-KEY( water AND chestnut) But unless they are searched as a phrase “water chestnut” the words could be anywhere in the fields specified – one word in the title, another in a keyword, for example. Valid results could include: Title: Effect of water deprivation on forest development Abstract: ( … ) during the dry season, only chestnut trees ( … ) Note: There are more possibilities for phrase search: Exact phrase marked by { } and proximity operators

| 44 Example: AND or phrase?

| 45 Same vs separate – when there’s more than one

| Scopus assumes “same” unless you split the search

| 47 Important to know: Scopus processes OR before AND before AND NOT Common mistake: (two words OR three sentences) Translates to: (two AND (words OR three) AND sentences) So correct result could contain: “two sentences and three ideas” You can fix by adding ( ) to make groups in the search. On basic form you only need to know this if you type different operators in a single box. Lemmatization: search on any text includes plurals and adjective forms Synonyms: Greek letters and their English spelling (alpha) are matched. UK and US common words are also matched. You can make Scopus find an exact phrase or character with { }

| 48 If no field name is given, Scopus searches ALL( ) If you are on the Advanced form, remember to add a field before entering terms or they will be searched in any field – including the references. On the Results page, Search within results adds AND (whatever you type here) to the end of your search. By default this extra part will search ALL fields. If you want to be more precise, use Edit to change your original search, or addSearch within results If you edit a search, you can add parentheses ( ) around the whole set of terms to apply the field restriction

| 49

| 50 Proximity The proximity operators pre/n and w/n are ordered and unordered NEAR. The distance (n) refers to the number of words that may intervene. So Pre/0 is the same as “ “, meaning the terms should be adjacent. Proximity is only applied within a field: and in a multi-value field (like keywords or index terms) only within each item. So if your search is (cancer Pre/3 prevention) you will find Keywords: cancer recurrence prevention; But NOT find Keywords:Lung cancer; Disease prevention; There are rules regarding mixing of proximity operators in a single expression. Check the helpfile for details.

| 51 Case in point: Zika virus (18 Feb 2016)

| 52 Subfields – and same or separate If you use subfields that are part of a larger field, they must be enclosed in a single group if you want them to be in the same item: AFFILORG(hospital) AND AFFILCITY(london) could find papers where a hospital in Beijing collaborates with a university in London. To ensure these are found in the same affiliation, put them in the same group, using the parent field AFFIL AFFIL(AFFILORG(hospital) AND AFFILCITY(london)) This can be done by first selecting the two fields in the Document form: then clicking on the tab for advanced. The search will be in the form, you just need to add AFFIL ( ) around it.

| 53 Thank you! Follow us:

| 54 Live demo: Zika virus

| 55 2 March

| 56 8 March

| 57 8 March

| 58 8 March

| March

| 60 Question 1 Searching using indexed terms, Controlled Vocab, etc. – what is the difference between these when Scopus executes a search?

| 61 FAQ from Myriam Sort on mixed – relevancy then cited by. Wildcards: - lemmas UK/US needs to be in dictionary -