English for Tax Administration III Revision

Wills and Inheritance Inheritance Law (sometimes called Wills and Probate) is concerned with the ___________ of a person’s property following their death What is a will? A ___________ recording how a person’s property is to be disposed after his or her death.

Inheritance Law (sometimes called Wills and Probate) is concerned with the DISTRIBUTION of a person’s property following their death A will is a LEGAL DOCUMENT recording how a person’s property is to be disposed after his or her death.

Who should be appointed by a will? An ________ A person who makes a will is called a ___________. If a minor child is involved, the will should also appoint a _______________.

Who should be appointed by a will? An EXECUTOR A person who makes a will is called a TESTATOR. If a minor child is involved, the will should also appoint a GUARDIAN.

Types of English Civil Law Which are main subcategories of English civil law? What is a tort? Which torts do you know?

Which are subcategories of English civil law? Law of contract and law of tort. What is a tort? A civil wrong committed by one citizen against another; no criminal liability. Which torts do you know? Negligence, nuisance, trespass, trespass to the goods, defemation (slander and libel).

Complete the following: _______________ means indirect injuries to a person’s property or his or her enjoyment of property. ______________ means direct interference with the personal goods or land of another.

NUISANCE means indirect injuries to a person’s property or his or her enjoyment of property. TRESPASS means direct interference with the personal goods or land of another.

Translate the following: In civil law, individuals bring claims against other individuals. The law of tort is a major part of civil law. Today the most important tort of all is the tort of negligence, where the negligence of the defendant has led to the claimant suffering harm. The defendant’s careless behaviour could cause the claimant to suffer physical injury, mental injury or financial loss.

duty, damage, care, liability, conduct, breach, liable, intention Negligence which harms another unjustifiably is not only a tort in itself, it is also a condition of _________________ for tort. From this point of view it is, like __________, a mental state. One may say that it is a failure to use proper _________ in one's conduct. Negligence will in general involve liability for ___________ caused by it; but before we can say that there has been negligence of which the law will take account, one must make sure that there is a legally recognized _________ to take care. The House of Lords held in 1969 that a barrister or solicitor normally owes his client a duty of care, any ____________ of which will render him ______________ to his client, except where he is acting as an advocate, when he will not be liable for negligence in his ____________ of a case. Fill in the blanks with the words listed:

duty, damage, care, liability, conduct, breach, liable, intention Negligence which harms another unjustifiably is not only a tort in itself, it is also a condition of LIABILITY for tort. From this point of view it is, like INTENTION, a mental state. One may say that it is a failure to use proper CARE in one's conduct. Negligence will in general involve liability for DAMAGE caused by it; but before we can say that there has been negligence of which the law will take account, one must make sure that there is a legally recognized DUTY to take care. The House of Lords held in 1969 that a barrister or solicitor normally owes his client a duty of care, any BREACH of which will render him LIABLE to his client, except where he is acting as an advocate, when he will not be liable for negligence in his CONDUCT of a case.

Contract Contract is a legally ____________ agreement between two or more parties which the courts will ______________. Which are requirements for a valid contract? If a contract lacks one of essential requirements, it is ___________.

Contract is a legally BINDING agreement between two or more parties which the courts will ENFORCE. Requirements: legal capacity, binding offer and acceptance, consideration, genuine agreement, particular form, legality If a contract lacks one of essential requirements, it is VOID.

Translate the following: Hire-purchase contract Binding offer Bill of exchange Voidable contract Breach of contract

Hire-purchase contract – UGOVOR O KUPNJI NA OTPLATU Binding offer – OBVEZUJUĆA PONUDA Bill of exchange - MJENICA Voidable contract – POBOJAN UGOVOR Breach of contract – RASKID UGOVORA

Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets: The formation of a contract commonly proceeds by way of offer and acceptance. One man will propose to another ______________ (make) a promise to him, ____________ (ask) in return for the doing of some act or the making of a counter-promise. Such a proposal _____________ (call) an offer. If more than a reasonable time elapses before it ____________________ (accept), or if either party _______________ (die) before acceptance, it ____________________ (fail). If the offer ___________________ (accept), it _______________________(convert) into a binding promise.

The formation of a contract commonly proceeds by way of offer and acceptance. One man will propose to another TO MAKE a promise to him, ASKING in return for the doing of some act or the making of a counter-promise. Such a proposal IS CALLED an offer. If more than a reasonable time elapses before it IS ACCEPTED, or if either party DIES before acceptance, it WILL FAIL. If the offer IS ACCEPTED, it IS CONVERTED into a binding promise.

Translate the following: A contract is a specific type of agreement. It is an agreement between two or more parties that is binding in law. That means that the agreement generates rights and obligations that may be enforced in courts.

Economic rights According to Article 48 of the Constitution of the RC, which economic rights are guaranteed? What is forbidden by Article 49? When can property rights be restricted?

The right of ownership and the right of inheritance Monopolies For the purposes of protecting the interests and security of the Republic of Croatia, nature, environment and public health

Social rights Complete the following: The rights of employees and members of their families to social _______ and __________, the formation of trade ________, and the protection of families, children and persons with _________ are among the most important social rights to which citizens of democratic states are __________.

The rights of employees and members of their families to social SECURITY and INSURANCE, the formation of trade UNIONS, and the protection of families, children and persons with DISABILITIES are among the most important social rights to which citizens of democratic states are ENTITLED.

Cultural rights Right to ___________, scientific and artistic creativity, physical education and sports, as well as the right to a __________ life with an emphasis on the protection of __________, nature and _______________.

Right to EDUCATION, scientific and artistic creativity, physical education and sports, as well as the right to a HEALTHY life with an emphasis on the protection of PUBLIC HEALTH, nature and ENVIRONMENT.

Judicial control of public authorities Complete the following: Ultra vires means.... Powers given to public authorities are always __________. A person directly affected may ask the court to ____________.

Ultra vires means BEYOND POWERS. Powers given to public authorities are always LIMITED. A person directly affected may ask the court to INTERFERE.

Complete the following with the words below: authority, balances, judiciary, doctrine, scope, invalidate Judicial review is the _______ under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the __________. A court with judicial review power may ___________ laws and decisions that are incompatible with a higher authority, such as the terms of a written constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and __________ in the separation of powers: the power of the judiciary to supervise the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their __________. The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and __________ of judicial review may differ between and within countries.

Judicial review is the DOCTRINE under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review by the JUDICIARY. A court with judicial review power may INVALIDATE laws and decisions that are incompatible with a higher authority, such as the terms of a written constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and BALANCES in the separation of powers: the power of the judiciary to supervise the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their AUTHORITY. The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and SCOPE of judicial review may differ between and within countries.

Police powers in Great Britain NOUNVERB arrest entry search seize detention

NOUNVERB Arrest EntryEnter Search SeizureSeize DetentionDetain

Complete the following: If the arrest is lawful, the arrested person will be guilty of ____________ if he uses force to resist; the policeman, on the other hand, is entitled to use such __________ force as may be necessary to make the arrest.

If the arrest is lawful, the arrested person will be guilty of ASSAULT if he uses force to resist; the policeman, on the other hand, is entitled to use such REASONABLE force as may be necessary to make the arrest. What is reasonable force?

Translate the following: Stop and search powers allow the police to combat street crime and anti-social behaviour, and prevent more serious crimes. If you are stopped, you will first be asked where you’re going and what you’ve been doing. The police may then decide to search you but only if they have a good reason, for example, that you fit the profile of a criminal seen in the area, or they think you’re acting suspiciously.

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