AIDS/ HIV Majo Alonso y Paola Gómez

 Hiv infections are higher in women than in men  There is no cure for aids  Hiv can be transmited through kissing  Homosexual people are more likely to get infected  All the fluids in the body can transmit HIV  HIV affects phagocytes True or false

HIV vs AIDS HIV = human immunodeficiency virus. - Once you have HIV, you have it for life. AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome – AIDS is a condition, a collection of diseases Getting HIV doesn´t mean you are getting AIDS

Symptoms for HIV Flu Symptoms for AIDS Infections that are uncommon in people with a healthy immune system, “opportunistic infections”. Symptoms depend on the particular infection and which part of the body is infected. Eg: Lung infection - cough, fever, and shortness of breath Intestinal infections - abdominal pain, vomiting, or swallowing problems

HIV life cycle Binding and Fusion: This is the process by which HIV binds to a specific type of CD4 receptor and a co-receptor on the surface of the CD4 cell. This is similar to a key entering a lock. Once unlocked, HIV can fuse with the host cell (CD4 cell) and release its genetic material into the cell. Reverse Transcription: A special enzyme called reverse transcriptase changes the genetic material of the virus, so it can be integrated into the host DNA. Integration: The virus’ new genetic material enters the nucleus of the CD4 cell and uses an enzyme called integrase to integrate itself into your own genetic material, where it may “hide” and stay inactive for several years

Transcription: When the host cell becomes activated, and the virus uses your own enzymes to create more of its genetic material—along with a more specialized genetic material which allows it make longer proteins. Assembly: A special enzyme called protease cuts the longer HIV proteins into individual proteins. When these come together with the virus’ genetic material, a new virus has been assembled. Budding: This is the final stage of the virus’ life cycle. In this stage, the virus pushes itself out of the host cell, taking with it part of the membrane of the cell. This outer part covers the virus and contains all of the structures necessary to bind to a new CD4 cell and receptors and begin the process again.

Transmission Having sexual intercourse with an infected person Using a needle or syringe that has already been used by someone who is infected

HIV in the world

Incidence. In 2014, there were 36.9 million people living with HIV.

Incidence.

Why are gays more likely to have HIV? Gays practice anal sex wich is the riskiest way to get HIV because all the mucus glands found there. Must of the gay population usually dont use condoms, they usually dont used them because they dont have the risk of getting pregnant. Promiscuity is greater in homosexual people than in heterosexual, having lots of sexual partners increases the risks of getting HIV.

Treatment At this time, there is no cure for AIDS, but medications are effective in fighting HIV and its complications. Treatments are designed to reduce HIV in your body, keep your immune system as healthy as possible Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI) These drugs interrupt the virus from duplicating, which may slow the spread of HIV in the body. Protease Inhibitors (PI) These FDA-approved drugs interrupt virus replication at a later step in the virus life cycle